Glyoxalase I‐4 functions downstream of NAC72 to modulate downy mildew resistance in grapevine

Abstract

Summary Glyoxalase I (GLYI) is part of the glyoxalase system; its major function is the detoxification of α‐ketoaldehydes, including the potent and cytotoxic methylglyoxal (MG). Methylglyoxal disrupts mitochondrial respiration and increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which also increase during pathogen infection of plant tissues; however, there have been few studies relating the glyoxalase system to the plant pathogen response. We used the promoter of VvGLYI‐4 to screen the upstream transcription factors and report a NAC (NAM/ATAF/CUC) domain‐containing transcription factor VvNAC72 in grapevine, which is localized to the nucleus. Our results show that VvNAC72 expression is induced by downy mildew, Plasmopara viticola, while the transcript level of VvGLYI‐4 decreases. Further analysis revealed that VvNAC72 can bind directly to the promoter region of VvGLYI‐4 via the CACGTG element, leading to inhibition of VvGLYI‐4 transcription. Stable overexpression of VvNAC72 in grapevine and tobacco showed a decreased expression level of VvGLYI‐4 and increased content of MG and ROS, as well as stronger resistance to pathogen stress. Taken together, these results demonstrate that grapevine VvNAC72 negatively modulates detoxification of MG through repression of VvGLYI‐4, and finally enhances resistance to downy mildew, at least in part, via the modulation of MG‐associated ROS homeostasis through a salicylic acid‐mediated defense pathway.

Mno‐miR164a and MnNAC100 regulate the resistance of mulberry to Botrytis cinerea

“…The endoplasmic reticulum stress response regulator NAC089 acts as an ER stress‐mediated immunity (ERSI) regulator to actively regulate programmed cell death (PCD), thereby preventing pathogen infection (Ai et al 2021). Grape VvNAC72 negatively regulates the detoxification of methylglyoxal by inhibiting VvGLYI‐4 and ultimately enhances the resistance to downy mildew (Li et al 2021). However, we found that MnNAC100 may reduce plant resistance by suppressing the expression of downstream resistance genes.…”

Transcriptional Regulation in Leaves of Cut Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) ‘FenDante’ in Response to Post-Harvest Ethylene Treatment

“…In addition, the differentially expressed transcription factors identified in response to ethylene treatment included NAC72, NAC100, ERF92, RAP2-2, bHLH63, and bHLH130. Grapevine VvNAC72 negatively modulates detoxification of methylglyoxal through repression of VvGLYI-4, thus enhancing resistance to downy mildew [42]; ghr-miR164 can also directly cleave GhNAC100 mRNA in the post-transcriptional process to positively regulate Verticillium dahliae resistance [43]. ERF92 is selective for temperature stress tolerance in peas (Pisum sativum L.) [44].…”

IbNIEL‐mediated degradation of IbNAC087 regulates jasmonic acid‐dependent salt and drought tolerance in sweet potato

“…It is characterized by a conserved NAC domain at the N‐terminus and a diverse transcriptional regulatory region at the C‐terminus (Olsen et al, 2005). NACs have important roles in a variety of developmental processes (Mao et al, 2017; Fang et al, 2020; Mao et al, 2020) and biotic (Li et al, 2021; Meng et al, 2022; Bi et al, 2023) and abiotic stress responses (Hu et al, 2006; Zheng et al, 2009; Nakashima et al, 2012; Xiang et al, 2021a, 2021b). Overexpressing sweet potato IbNAC7 in Arabidopsis increases salt tolerance by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and affecting the transcription of stress‐related genes (Meng et al, 2020).…”