Glycosphingolipids of Human Peripheral Nervous System Myelins Isolated from Cauda Equina

Ogawa-Goto, Kiyoko; Ohta, Yoshikazu; Kubota, Kaiyu; Funamoto, N.; Abe, Toshiaki; Taki, Takao; Nagashima, Kazuo

doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb13633.x

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There have been few data published for the role of GalC and other minor glycolipids in the pathogenesis of immune demyelinating neuropathies in humans. Considering that GalC is the most predominant glycolipid in peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin, 28 it is possible that the presence of anti‐GalC antibodies may be an early indication of a propensity for demyelination in HIV‐infected patients. Interestingly, all HIV individuals without neuropathy which had IgG antibodies against myelin, displayed reactivity against two as yet uncharacterized glycolipids separated from peripheral myelin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies against peripheral myelin glycolipids in people with HIV infection

et al. 1998

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Summary Plasma samples from 35 individuals with HIV infection but without clinical peripheral neuropathy were screened by ELISA for IgM and IgG antibodies against peripheral myelin. Eighteen of the 35 samples (51%) showed IgM reactivity and 11 (31%) showed IgG reactivity. By comparison, none of 48 samples from healthy blood donors showed IgM or IgG reactivity. Epitopes reacting with these antibodies were identi®ed by TLC immunostaining as sulphatide (GalS) and the gangliosides GM 1 , GD 1a and GD 1b . Plasma samples from four people with HIV infection and neuropathy (HIV + PN), six HIV-seronegative individuals with IgM paraproteinaemic demyelinating neuropathy (IgMPDN) and 12 HIV-seronegative individuals with a variety of other neurological disorders (HIV ± OND) were also investigated. Two of the four HIV + PN samples showed IgM reactivity with GalS; and two showed IgG reactivity against GalS. Of the six IgMPDN samples, three showed IgM reactivity with GalS. These data indicate that antibodies against peripheral myelin glycolipids, in particular GalS, occur more frequently in HIV infection than in HIV-seronegative individuals with and without neurological disease, and may contribute to subclinical neuropathy in HIV infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies against peripheral myelin glycolipids in people with HIV infection

et al. 1998

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“…From the Echinodermata, located downstream of the Urochordata, invertebrate deuterostomes, gangliosides, and sulfatide have been characterized (27)(28)(29)(30)(31), and characterization of glucuronic acid-containing glycosphingolipids has not yet been reported. On the other hand, in vertebrates, glucuronic acid-containing glycosphingolipids and sulfated glucuronyl glycosphingolipids have been characterized from the HNK-1 epitope in humans and mice (32,33). HNK-1 has not yet been identified from ascidians, although recently it was identified from the lancelet in the Urochordata, similar to ascidians, and from the sea urchin in the Echinodermata (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of a novel uronic acid-containing acidic glycosphingolipid from the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi

Ito

Matsumuro

Yamada

et al. 2007

Journal of Lipid Research

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A novel uronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid (UGL-1) was isolated from the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi. UGL-1 was prepared from chloroform-methanol extracts and purified by the use of successive column chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex, Florisil, and Iatrobeads. Chemical structural analysis was performed using methylation analysis, gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and 1 H-NMR spectra. The chemical structure of UGL-1 was determined to be a glucuronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid, Galb1-4(Fuca1-3)GlcAb1-1Cer. The ceramide component was composed of C16:0 and C18:0 acids and C 16 -, C 17 -, and C 18 -phytosphingosines as major components. Glycosphingolipids have been characterized in a range of animal phyla, including arthropods, and have been shown to participate in important functions such as cellular development (1-6). Comparison of protostome and deuterostome glycolipids shows dramatic structural differences even between species with closely related glycolipid expression. In particular, the structures of acidic glycolipids are unique. The sialylated glycosphingolipids, called gangliosides, have been widely distributed within the Echinodermata and in deuterostomes. For example, although gangliosides have not been detected in protostomia, other acidic glycosphingolipids containing uronic acid or inositol phosphate have been characterized (7-9).Ascidians, which belong to the phylum Urochordata, are often referred to as protochordates because during the larval stage they possess chordate characteristics, most notably the tail contains a notochord and a dorsal hollow nerve cord. After a free-swimming stage, the simple tadpolelike larvae attach to a substrate and undergo metamorphosis that includes tail loss and rearrangement of the internal organs. Subsequently, in the adult form, the similarities to chordates are lost. In addition, ascidians are good model organisms for understanding vertebrates (and their development) because their cell lineage can be traced (10, 11) and a large number of genome-related data have been accumulated, including genome sequences, expressed sequence tag sequences, and gene expression patterns (12-15). However, very few studies have been directed to ascidian glycolipids, with the exception of some neutral glycolipids (16)(17)(18).In this article, we describe the structural characterization of a novel acidic glycosphingolipid containing a uronic acid residue (UGL-1) from the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi. UGL-1 exhibits unique structural features, such as Galb1-4(Fuca1-3)GlcAb1-1Cer. The chemical structure of UGL-1, which has a uronic acid with a fucosyl residue bond at the reducing end, is the first example to our knowledge. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolation and purification of acidic glycolipidsSpecimens of H. roretzi were obtained from Hiroyo Fisheries, Ltd., at Miyagi in Japan, and the cellulose crust was removed, Abbreviations: MALDI-TOF MS, matrix-assisted laser-desorp...

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“…However its pathological implications are not well understood. As the GA1 epitope is contained in the myelin of the peripheral nervous system (13), anti-GA1 antibody could be associated with demyelination of peripheral nerves. Antibodies to GM1, an acidic glycolipid, are detected in various peripheral neuropathies, including CIDP, GBS, and MMN (14)(15)(16) …”

Section: There Are Millions Of Patients Worldwide With Chronic Hepatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyethylene Glycol Interferon .ALPHA.-2b-induced Immune-mediated Polyradiculoneuropathy

et al. 2009

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Polyethylene glycol-interferon α (PEG-IFNα) has been used as the standard treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. There have been no previous reports of polyradiculoneuropathy with anti-ganglioside antibodies induced by PEG-IFNα-2b. We report a 59-year-old man who developed polyradiculoneuropathy during treatment with PEG-IFN α-2b for chronic HCV infection. Serum levels of anti-asialo-GM1 (GA1) and anti-GM1 antibodies were elevated. Cessation of therapy with double filtration plasmapheresis resulted in marked improvement in his symptoms accompanied by a reduction in the antibody level. PEG-IFN α-2b may induce peripheral neuropathy mediated by anti-GA1 and anti-GM1 antibodies.

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Glycosphingolipids of Human Peripheral Nervous System Myelins Isolated from Cauda Equina

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Antibodies against peripheral myelin glycolipids in people with HIV infection

Antibodies against peripheral myelin glycolipids in people with HIV infection

Isolation and characterization of a novel uronic acid-containing acidic glycosphingolipid from the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi

Polyethylene Glycol Interferon .ALPHA.-2b-induced Immune-mediated Polyradiculoneuropathy

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