Glycosidases of marine invertebrates from Posiet Bay, Sea of Japan

Molodtsov, N.V.; Vafina, M.G.; Kim, A.; Sundukova, E.V.; Artyukov, A. A.; Blinov, Yu. G.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(74)90281-8

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Craigie 1974;Kreger 1962). Additionally, some barnacle species possess the enzymes needed to convert complex mannosecontaining compounds to simple sugars (Molodsov et al 1974). Although the speci¢c chemical composition of the barnacle diet is unknown, mannose may comprise a nonnegligible component for S. balanoides and other marine invertebrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of diet and physiological stress on the evolutionary dynamics of an enzyme polymorphism

Schmidt

2001

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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In the northern acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides, polymorphism at the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (Mpi) locus appears to be maintained by distinct selection regimes that vary between intertidal microhabitats. The goal of the present experiment was to elucidate the mechanism of selection at the Mpi locus by examining the relationship between genotype and fitness-related life-history traits in laboratory manipulations. When barnacles were cultured on a mannose-supplemented diet and exposed to thermal stress, different Mpi genotypes exhibited differences in the rate of growth that predicted survivorship. In contrast, no such relationship was observed in control or fructose-supplemented dietary treatments either in the presence or in the absence of stress. Similarly, the phenotype and survivorship of genotypes at another allozyme locus and a presumably neutral mitochondrial DNA marker were homogeneous across all treatments and unaffected by experimental manipulations. These results suggest that the differential survivorship of Mpi genotypes in the field and laboratory results from a differential ability to process mannose-6-phosphate through glycolysis. The widespread polymorphism at Mpi observed in marine taxa may reflect the interaction between dietary composition and environmental heterogeneity in intertidal habitats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of diet and physiological stress on the evolutionary dynamics of an enzyme polymorphism

Schmidt

2001

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…For example, many species of phytoplankton are up to 35% mannitol by dry weight (Craigie 1974). D-mannose is also a major component of cell walls and mucilages in many algal species (Kreger 1962;O'Colla 1962), and barnacles possess the four enzymes necessary to liberate mannose molecules from a variety of complex carbohydrates (Molodsov et al 1974). Thus, mannose may comprise a substantial portion of a barnacle's diet.…”

Section: Why Mpi?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intertidal Microhabitat and Selection at MPI: Interlocus Contrasts in the Northern Acorn Barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides

Schmidt¹,

Rand²

1999

Evolution

142

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Barnacles were sampled from various microhabitats in the rocky intertidal at multiple sites in two years. At sites in which there were large differences among microhabitats in temperature profiles, Mpi genotype frequencies were consistently and significantly different. Genotype frequencies for another allozyme locus (Gpi) as well as a DNA marker shown to be neutral (the mtDNA control region) were statistically homogeneous among thermal microhabitats at all sites in both years. The data indicate that temperature and/or desiccation mediated selection is operating at Mpi or a linked locus and that Mpi genotypes experience differential mortality in the various habitat types. If the relative fitness of genotypes is dependent on habitat type, the Mpi polymorphism may be actively maintained by a Levene model of balancing selection (Levene 1953). Because barnacle larvae are produced in abundance each year and spend five to eight weeks dispersing in the water column, there is little opportunity for the accumulation of adaptive divergence over the environmental grain size relevant in intertidal habitats. The Mpi polymorphism may be an important component of a suite of traits involved in the adaptation of barnacles to heterogeneous environments. Due to the relatively high concentration of mannose in a variety of algal groups, the metabolism of mannose may substantially affect individual performance and fitness in this and other species that feed on algae and phytoplankton. Because the Mpi locus is one of the most strongly polymorphic in marine organisms, these findings may be relevant for a diversity of other such species.

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“…At both pHs tested, 2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl sulphate proved to be the most easily hydrolysed substrate. Activity of Haliotis extracts towards nitrophenyl derivatives of /3-D-mannose and a-D-xylose has not previously been described, although these activities have been found in other gastropods such as Helix pomatia by Barnett et al (1967), and in Acmaea pallida and Tegula rustica by Molodstov et al (1974). The other activities found are of the same order as those reported for other Haliotis species, although the value for p-nitrophenyl-a-D-mannoside is considerably lower than that reported by Bennett et al (1971) for H. rufescens.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%