Glycoprotein constituents of the vitelline coat of Phallusia mammillata (Ascidiacea) with fertilization inhibiting activity

Litscher, Eveline S.; Honegger, Thomas G.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(91)90272-5

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The first type is intimately bonded to the egg plasma membrane and is most extensively characterized in the sea urchin (14,15,26). The second type of egg envelope is elevated from the egg plasma membrane and is found in mollusks (7,8,27), ascidians (28)(29)(30), amphibians (31,32), and mammals (9,33,34). This discussion will pertain only to envelopes that are elevated from the plasma membrane and that the sperm must penetrate to reach the egg plasma membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The abalone egg vitelline envelope receptor for sperm lysin is a giant multivalent molecule

Swanson

Vacquier

1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

149

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Abalone sperm lysin is a 16-kDa acrosomal protein, which nonenzymatically and species selectively creates a hole in the egg vitelline envelope (VE) through which the sperm passes to reach the egg cell membrane. The crystal structures of both monomeric and dimeric lysins have been solved and the sequences of lysins from 20 abalone species have been determined. As a first step in understanding the molecular mechanism by which lysin creates a hole in the VE, its VE receptor was isolated. The VE receptor for lysin (VERL) is an unbranched, rod-like molecule with an approximate relative molecular mass of 2 million; half the mass being carbohydrate. Fluorescence polarization studies showed positive cooperativity in the binding of lysin to VERL (EC 50 Ϸ9 nM) and were consistent with the species selectivity of lysin in dissolving VEs. Each molecule of VERL bound between 126 and 142 molecules of monomeric lysin (two independent assays), showing that VERL possesses repetitive lysin-binding motifs.Many marine invertebrate species spawn gametes into seawater, where fertilization and embryogenesis occur. In sea urchins (1, 2) and abalone (3, 4), several closely related, congeneric species may have overlapping breeding seasons and habitats. Such species usually exhibit species selectivity (specificity) in experimental cross-fertilizations, meaning that fertilization occurs more readily between homospecific mixtures of sperm and eggs than between heterospecific mixtures. The demonstrated species selectivity in the recognition events between invertebrate sperm and egg is a valuable model bearing on the general problem of the biochemistry of molecular recognition between cells.In marine invertebrates, the study of gamete recognition proteins may also yield information on the mechanism by which species arise in the sea, where barriers to larval transport are not readily apparent (5). Evidence that gamete recognition proteins may be involved in speciation comes from analyses of nucleotide substitutions in sea urchin sperm bindins (1) and abalone sperm acrosomal proteins (4, 6). Such analyses show that the evolution of these proteins has been promoted by positive Darwinian selection, suggesting there is significant adaptive value in altering their primary structure.The availability of large quantities of marine invertebrate gametes permits a detailed characterization of their gamete surface molecules involved in fertilization. The abalone egg is surrounded by an elevated, glycoproteinaceous vitelline envelope (VE) 0.6 m in diameter (7,8). Spermatozoa bind to the VE, their acrosomal granule exocytoses, and lysin is released. Lysin creates a 3-m diameter hole in the VE through which the spermatozoan passes to reach the egg cell membrane. Electron micrographs of the lysin-created hole show it is composed of splayed-apart fibers of 13-nm diameter; covalent bonds are not broken when lysin disrupts the VE (7).Although gamete recognition proteins have been cloned from both mammals (9-13) and invertebrates (1-4, 6, 14-16), the molec...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The abalone egg vitelline envelope receptor for sperm lysin is a giant multivalent molecule

Swanson

Vacquier

1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

149

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“…The major presence of mannose (α 1-3) mannose, detected by GNL lectin, and N-acetyl-glucosamine on the envelopes of different maturation stage oocytes of R, typus might be attributable to the eventual participation of these sugars in the primary or secondary gamete interaction as demonstrated in Phallusia mammillata, where N-acetyl-glucosamine as well as N-acetyl-galactosamine are implicated in the primary gamete interaction (Honegger, 1982;Litscher & Honegger, 1991) and they are the highest quantity on those oocyte envelopes (Litscher & Honegger, 1991). This was corroborated by Honegger (1982) by inhibition of fertilization using the WGA lectin, which adheres specifically to N-acetyl-glucosamine where it blocks sperm adhesion sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that not all monosaccharides present in oocyte envelopes are directly involved with gamete interactions (Focarelli et al, 1988;Litscher & Honegger, 1991;Kitazume-Kawaguchi et al, 1997). The fucose, galactose and α-GalNAc detected in lowest concentration in oocyte envelopes of R. typus may be only a portion of structural oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates due to its low quantity in the envelope and absence of inhibition in the fertilization inhibition tests, and probably do not interact in the gamete recognition as suggested by Litscher & Honegger (1991) in oocytes of Phallusia mamillata and Ascidia malaca by O'Dell et al (1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common molecules on the surface of oocyte envelopes are the glycoproteins (Glabe et al, 1982;Ruiz-Bravo & Lennarz, 1989;Focarelli et al, 1990;Xie & Honegger, 1993;Wikramanayake & Clark, 1994), which have terminal oligosaccharides on the surface responsible for sperm recognition through recognition of species-specific polypeptide chains on the spermatozoa (Monroy & Rosati, 1983;Wassarman, 1987;Ruiz-Bravo & Lennarz, 1989;Litscher & Honegger, 1991). In sea urchins, species specific adhesion of spermatozoa to the vitelline envelope is effected by a protein termed bindin exposed during spermatozoon acrosoma reaction, which recognizes a 350 kDa glycopeptide on the oocyte envelope (Monroy & Rosati, 1983;Wassarman, 1987;Correa & Carroll, 1997;Hirohashi & Lennarz, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sea urchins, species specific adhesion of spermatozoa to the vitelline envelope is effected by a protein termed bindin exposed during spermatozoon acrosoma reaction, which recognizes a 350 kDa glycopeptide on the oocyte envelope (Monroy & Rosati, 1983;Wassarman, 1987;Correa & Carroll, 1997;Hirohashi & Lennarz, 2001). In tunicates, spermatozoa adhesion to the oocyte envelope is mediated by an enzymesubstrate interaction between a sperm surface bound glycosidase and its complementary sugar on the oocyte envelope (Litscher & Honegger;1991). In Ascidia nigra and Phallusia mamillata N-acetylglucosamine residues were found in the oocyte envelope and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase in spermatozoon membranes (Xie & Honegger, 1993), while for Ciona intestinalis and the bivalve Unio elongatulus, fucosyl residues on the oocyte envelope are specific sites for sperm adhesion (Rosati & De Santis, 1980;Pinto et al, 1981;Focarelli et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of egg surface glycoconjugate in the fertilization of the rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus (Milne Edwards, 1837)

Dupré¹,

Gomez²,

G³

et al. 2012

lajar

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ABSTRACT. During first gamete interaction, oligosaccharides on the glycoproteins present in oocyte envelopes of the rock shrimp, Rhynchocinetes typus, play an important role in spermatozoon recognition prior to the onset of penetration. These oligosaccharides have terminal monosaccharides that may be recognized by means of specific lectins. A variety of marine species have monosaccharides on their oocyte envelopes, allowing them to interact with the spermatozoa. The number and location of the monosaccharides varies during oocyte maturation. However, this phenomenon has not been studied in shrimp. The present study evaluates the presence and location of monosaccharides on oocyte envelopes during maturation using seven specific lectins conjugated to FITC (GNL, LCA, Con-A BS-1, LTA, GLS-II,DBA); these recognize mannose (α 1-3) mannose, α-mannose, α-glucose, glucose, galactose, fucose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine, respectively. Participation of these carbohydrates in the fertilization process was determined through the insemination of fresh oocytes with spermatozoa previously incubated with the different monosaccharides that block the active sites of the spermatozoa, inhibiting fertilization. The results showed the presence of N-acetyl-glucosamine and mannose on the oocyte envelopes, indicating that these sugars could be the receptors during the first gamete interaction. The results also suggested that glucose could be a complementary receptor to N-acetyl-glucosamine and mannose since, despite the low concentration of glucose on the envelope, this sugar generated a high degree of fertilization inhibition. Keywords: gametes, oocyte recognition, sperm receptors, lectins, vitelline coat, chorion. El rol de los glicoconjugados de las cubiertas ovocitarias en la fecundación del camarón de roca Rhynchocinetes typus (Milne-Edwards, 1837)RESUMEN. Durante la primera interacción gamética, los oligosacaridos unidos a las glicoproteínas de las cubiertas ovocitarias del camarón de roca Rhynchocinetes typus tienen un importante rol en el reconocimiento del espermatozoide antes de iniciar la penetración. Estos oligosacáridos presentan en su zona terminal, monocacáridos que pueden ser reconocidos por lectinas específicas. Diversas especies marinas tienen monosacáridos en la cubierta externa de sus ovocitos que le permiten interactuar con los espermatozoides y su número y localización presenta cambios durante la maduración, sin embargo este fenómeno no ha sido estudiado en camarones. El presente estudio evalúa la presencia y localización de monosacáridos sobre la cubierta de los ovocitos durante su maduración usando siete lectinas específicas conjugadas con FITC (GNL, LCA , Con-A BS-1, LTA, GLS-II y DBA) las cuales reconocen manosa (α 1-3) manosa, α-manosa, α-glucosa, glucosa, galactosa, fucosa, N-acetil-glucosamina y N-acetilgalactosamina respectivamente. La participación de estos carbohidratos en el proceso de fecundación fue determinada mediante la inseminación de ovocitos frescos con espermatozoides incubados...

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Mercuric ions impair the fertilization potential, the resumption of meiosis, the formation of male pronucleus, and increase polyspermy, in the egg of the ascidianPhallusia mammillata

Franchet

Goudeau

1997

J. Exp. Zool.

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Glycoprotein constituents of the vitelline coat of Phallusia mammillata (Ascidiacea) with fertilization inhibiting activity

Cited by 30 publications

References 37 publications

The abalone egg vitelline envelope receptor for sperm lysin is a giant multivalent molecule

The abalone egg vitelline envelope receptor for sperm lysin is a giant multivalent molecule

Role of egg surface glycoconjugate in the fertilization of the rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus (Milne Edwards, 1837)

Mercuric ions impair the fertilization potential, the resumption of meiosis, the formation of male pronucleus, and increase polyspermy, in the egg of the ascidianPhallusia mammillata

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