Glycopolymer Based LbL Multilayer Thin Films with Embedded Liposomes

Abstract

Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly emerged as an efficient technique for fabricating coating systems for, e.g., drug delivery systems with great versatility and control. In this work, protecting group free and aqueous-based syntheses of bioinspired glycopolymer electrolytes aredescribed. Thin films of the glycopolymers are fabricated by LbL self-assembly and function as scaffolds for liposomes, which potentially can encapsulate active substances. The adsorbed mass, pH stability, and integrity of glycopolymer coatings as well as the embedded liposomes are investigated via whispering gallery mode (WGM) technology and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring , which enable label-free characterization. Glycopolymer thin films, with and without liposomes, are stable in the physiological pH range. QCM-D measurements verify the integrity of lipid vesicles. Thus, the fabrication of glycopolymer-based surface coatings with embedded and intact liposomes is presented.

The Biocompatibility Analysis of Artificial Mucin-Like Glycopolymers

“…Found (S-Lac-1): C 33. Synthesis of cationic glycopolymers Lac-PEI and Mal-PEI: The synthesis and characterization of Lac and Mal functionalized PEI is described in previous publication [21]. Here, PEI of different molecular weights was employed.…”

“…Mucin-mimicking glycopolymers exhibiting high hydrophilicity like natural mucins and higher stability due to their semi-synthetic nature have been synthetized lately [ 21 ]. Synthesis was performed via aqueous-based routes from N -acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), lactose (Lac), or maltose (Mal).…”

Surface Modification with Particles Coated or Made of Polymer Multilayers

“…Moreover, 2D polymer multilayers themselves may be used as hosts for PEM-coated or PEM particles [71]. Previously, such 2D PEM coatings have been used to host particles such as micelles [72], liposomes [73,74] and nanoparticles [32,75], for applications such as tissue engineering and biosensing [11,76]. PEMs formed of PLL and poly-L-glutamic acid (PLG) have been used to host both (PLL/PLG) 5 -coated CaCO 3 particles as well as capsules for drug delivery applications.…”

Examining layer‐by‐layer assembly of polyelectrolyte‐drug interactions using Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation

“…They presented that charged liposomes can be successfully loaded into the LbL films as potential substance carriers. 43 In a study conducted by Vranckx et al, the incorporation of proteins (LL-37, insulin, lysozyme, and glucose oxidase) into LbL assembled films of protein-polyelectrolyte complexes (PPCs) was achieved using alginate, poly (styrene sulfonate), heparin, and poly (allylamine hydrochloride). These PPCs were subsequently LbL assembled with chitosan, poly (allylamine hydrochloride), and heparin, and growth of the resulting multilayers was performed using QCM-D.…”

“…QCM‐D was carried out to investigate the integrity of the immobilized liposomes, mass adsorption, polymer coating, and pH stability. They presented that charged liposomes can be successfully loaded into the LbL films as potential substance carriers 43 . In a study conducted by Vranckx et al, the incorporation of proteins (LL‐37, insulin, lysozyme, and glucose oxidase) into LbL assembled films of protein‐polyelectrolyte complexes (PPCs) was achieved using alginate, poly (styrene sulfonate), heparin, and poly (allylamine hydrochloride).…”