Glycolate from microalgae: an efficient carbon source for biotechnological applications

Taubert, Anja; Jakob, Torsten; Wilhelm, Christian

doi:10.1111/pbi.13078

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In previous publications, the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was established as a continuous glycolate production platform (Taubert et al 2019 ). Wild-type cells could be kept in a glycolate-producing state for weeks up to months and substantial product yields were obtained, giving this approach the potential to become a large-scale technology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more sophisticated regulation of cultivation parameters such as temperature, aeration, pH, and light intensity control inside the reactor would affect biomass growth and indirectly gas distribution. Cultures with stable biomass and maximum glycolate excretion should thus be possible (Taubert et al 2019 ). Further elucidation of topics such as the cell carbon partitioning, regulation of CCMs as well as glycolate metabolism and transport in Chlamydomonas is therefore essential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crossing and selection of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains for biotechnological glycolate production

Schad

Rössler

Nagel

et al. 2022

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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As an alternative to chemical building blocks derived from algal biomass, the excretion of glycolate has been proposed. This process has been observed in green algae such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a product of the photorespiratory pathway. Photorespiration generally occurs at low CO2 and high O2 concentrations, through the key enzyme RubisCO initiating the pathway via oxygenation of 1.5-ribulose-bisphosphate. In wild-type strains, photorespiration is usually suppressed in favour of carboxylation due to the cellular carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) controlling the internal CO2 concentration. Additionally, newly produced glycolate is directly metabolized in the C2 cycle. Therefore, both the CCMs and the C2 cycle are the key elements which limit the glycolate production in wild-type cells. Using conventional crossing techniques, we have developed Chlamydomonas reinhardtii double mutants deficient in these two key pathways to direct carbon flux to glycolate excretion. Under aeration with ambient air, the double mutant D6 showed a significant and stable glycolate production when compared to the non-producing wild type. Interestingly, this mutant can act as a carbon sink by fixing atmospheric CO2 into glycolate without requiring any additional CO2 supply. Thus, the double-mutant strain D6 can be used as a photocatalyst to produce chemical building blocks and as a future platform for algal-based biotechnology. Key Points • Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cia5 gyd double mutants were developed by sexual crossing • The double mutation eliminates the need for an inhibitor in glycolate production • The strain D6 produces significant amounts of glycolate with ambient air only

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossing and selection of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains for biotechnological glycolate production

Schad

Rössler

Nagel

et al. 2022

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…Multiple carotenoids involved both in light harvesting and in photoprotection are also synthesized. Only the (Gallardo-Rodríguez et al, 2012;Borowitzka, 2013;Enzing et al, 2014;Giordano and Wang, 2018;Kamalanathan and Quigg, 2019 and references there in;Taubert et al, 2019).…”

Section: Main Factors Affecting Microalgae Co 2 Fixation In Nature LImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under specific growth conditions, glycolate is a main sink of fixed C and a very high amount of glycolate is produced and secreted by C. reinhardtii cells. Glycolate can be recovered from the culture media and used as a substrate for other biotechnological applications, as methane production (Taubert et al, 2019; Table 1).…”

Section: Cellular Targets To Enhance Bio-factories Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Enhanced Fixation of CO2 in Aquatic Biomass: Focus on Microalgae

2020

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The need to reduce the CO 2 footprint of human activities calls for the utilization of new means of production and new sources of products. Microalgae are a very promising source of a large variety of products, from fuels to chemicals for multiple industrial applications (e.g., dyes, pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, food and feed, new materials for high tech manufacture), and for processes such as wastewater treatment. Algae, as photosynthetic organisms, use light to energize the synthesis of organic matter and differently from most terrestrial plants, can be cultured on land that is not used for crop production. We describe the main factors contributing to microalgae productivity in artificial cultivation systems and discuss the research areas that still need investigation in order to pave the way to the generation of photosynthetic cell factories. We shall comment on the main caveats of the possible mode of improving photosynthetic efficiency and to optimize the partitioning of fixed C to products of commercial relevance. We address the problem of the selection of the appropriate strain and of the consequences of their diverse physiology and culture conditions for a successful commercial application. Finally, we shall provide state of the art information on cell factories chassis by means of synthetic biology approaches to produce chemicals of interest.

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“…Microalgae can grow in extreme environments such as deserts and polar regions, [ 2 ] and often show greater efficiency in synthesizing bioproducts compared to land plants. [ 3 ] Moreover, algae produce oxygen and sequester the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide at globally relevant scales, [ 4 ] and account for half of the oceans’ net primary production. [ 5 ] They grow fast and can produce high‐value biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvesting Microalgae for Food and Energy Products

et al. 2020

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their size and physiology, and they belong to many different phylogenetic groups that are distinct from plants. [1] Microalgae are the subset of algae that are unicellular and range in size from several to a few hundred micrometers. Most microalgae diversity resides in freshwater or marine systems. Microalgae can grow in extreme environments such as deserts and polar regions, [2] and often show greater efficiency in synthesizing bioproducts compared to land plants. [3] Moreover, algae produce oxygen and sequester the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide at globally relevant scales, [4] and account for half of the oceans' net primary production. [5] They grow fast and can produce high-value biomass. [6] While microalgae are phylogenetically diverse, most biotechnology interest applies to the green algae (Chlorophyceae), diatoms (Bacillariophyceae), blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), and Eustigmatophyceae (including Nannochloropsis), which are well-characterized species for valuable bioproducts. 1.2. Microalgae as Sustainable Biofactories Microalgae have the potential to produce large amounts of valuable products sustainably, since they do not require arable land and can be produced using seawater, wastewater, or brackish water. Reduction in environmental impacts of fuels and food products will be important for the mitigation of climate change. [7] Microalgae are also being used in powerplants as a means to capture carbon dioxide and sequester it into biomass, which may provide opportunities for large-scale production of carbon-neutral energy and products. [8] Vaccines and other pharmaceutical proteins are among the most high-value products that microalgae are used to produce, as well as effectively store and orally administer those products. [9] Other high-value products derived from microalgae include cosmetics, [10] food supplements and additives, [11] cooking oils, [12] and animal feed. [13,14] These have been developed as potentially more sustainable alternatives to synthetic or animal-derived products. Microalgae also provide feedstocks for biodiesel [15] and ethanol, [16] contributing to renewable and sustainable energy resource developments that may displace fossil fuels and food-derived fuels. Genetic and synthetic biology approaches can accelerate the development of microalgae strains capable of producing novel specialty products [17-19] or producing conventional products with improved lipid content, [20] growth rate, and production efficiency. [21,22] Unlike field-grown transgenic crops, multi ple Microalgae are promising biological factories for diverse natural products. Microalgae tout high productivity, and their biomass has value in industrial products ranging from biofuels, feedstocks, food additives, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and as alternatives to synthetic or animal-derived products. However, harvesting microalgae to extract bioproducts is challenging given their small size and suspension in liquid growth media. In response, technologic developments have relied upon mechanical, chemical, thermal, and b...

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Glycolate from microalgae: an efficient carbon source for biotechnological applications

Cited by 35 publications

References 43 publications

Crossing and selection of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains for biotechnological glycolate production

Crossing and selection of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strains for biotechnological glycolate production

Toward Enhanced Fixation of CO2 in Aquatic Biomass: Focus on Microalgae

Harvesting Microalgae for Food and Energy Products

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