Glycolate as a metabolic substrate for the acetogen Moorella thermoacetica

Seifritz, Corinna

doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(98)00565-5

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Moorella thermoacetica can grow heterotrophically on fructose, glucose, xylose, ethanol, n ‐propanol, n ‐butanol (Beaty and Ljungdahl, 1991), oxalate and glyoxylate (Daniel and Drake, 1993), glycolate (Seifritz et al. , 1999), pyruvate (Barker and Kamen, 1945) and lactate (Gößner et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathways for growth of M. thermoacetica on the two‐carbon substrates oxalate, glyoxylate and glycolate are not known. The stoichiometries of acetate production suggest that they are oxidized by two, four and six electrons respectively (Seifritz et al. , 1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We were unable to predict the pathways by which M. thermoacetica metabolizes the two‐carbon organic acids oxalate, glyoxylate and glycolate (Seifritz et al. , 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The complete genome sequence ofMoorella thermoacetica(f.Clostridium thermoaceticum)

Pierce

Xie

Barabote

et al. 2008

Environmental Microbiology

255

283

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SummaryThis paper describes the genome sequence of M. thermoacetica (f. Clostridium thermoaceticum), which is the model acetogenic bacterium that has been widely used for elucidating the WoodLjungdahl pathway of CO and CO 2 fixation. This pathway, which is also known as the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway, allows acetogenic (often called homoacetogenic) bacteria to convert glucose stoichiometrically into three mol of acetate and to grow autotrophically using H 2 and CO as electron donors and CO 2 as an electron acceptor. Methanogenic archaea use this pathway in reverse to grow by converting acetate into methane and CO 2 . Acetogenic bacteria also couple the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway to a variety of other pathways to allow the metabolism of a wide variety of carbon sources and electron donors (sugars, carboxylic acids, alcohols, and aromatic compounds) and electron acceptors (CO 2 , nitrate, nitrite, thiosulfate, dimethylsulfoxide, and aromatic carboxyl groups). The genome consists of a single circular 2628784 bp chromosome encoding 2615 open reading frames, which includes 2523 predicted protein-encoding genes. Of these, 1834 genes (70.13%) have been assigned tentative functions, 665 (25.43%) matched genes of unknown function, and the remaining 24 (0.92%) had no database match. Two thousand three hundred eighty-four (91.17%) of the ORFs in the M. thermoacetica genome can be grouped in ortholog clusters. This first genome sequence of an acetogenic bacterium provides important information related to how acetogens engage their extreme metabolic diversity by switching among different carbon substrates and electron donors/acceptors and how they conserve energy by anaerobic respiration. Our genome analysis indicates that the key genetic trait for homoacetogenesis is the core acs gene cluster of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The complete genome sequence ofMoorella thermoacetica(f.Clostridium thermoaceticum)

Pierce

Xie

Barabote

et al. 2008

Environmental Microbiology

255

283

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“…A typical acetogen can use most of the substrates shown in Figure 19. M. thermoacetica , for example, can grow heterotrophically on fructose, glucose, xylose, ethanol, n -propanol, n -butanol [294], oxalate and glyoxylate [295], glycolate [296], pyruvate [293], and lactate [297], and acetate yields from growth on these substrates are consistent with oxidation to CO 2 , and formation of acetate from all available electrons.…”

Section: Description Of the Wood-ljungdahl Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetogenesis and the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway of CO2 fixation

Ragsdale

Pierce

2008

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics

1,037

816

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I. SummaryConceptually, the simplest way to synthesize an organic molecule is to construct it one carbon at a time. The Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of CO 2 fixation involves this type of stepwise process. The biochemical events that underlie the condensation of two one-carbon units to form the two-carbon compound, acetate, have intrigued chemists, biochemists, and microbiologists for many decades. We begin this review with a description of the biology of acetogenesis. Then, we provide a short history of the important discoveries that have led to the identification of the key components and steps of this usual mechanism of CO and CO 2 fixation. In this historical perspective, we have included reflections that hopefully will sketch the landscape of the controversies, hypotheses, and opinions that led to the key experiments and discoveries. We then describe the properties of the genes and enzymes involved in the pathway and conclude with a section describing some major questions that remain unanswered.

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“…thermoacetica . For example, glyoxylate and oxalate are utilized when nitrate is dissimilated, whereas glycolate is not utilized under this condition 120,139,141 . Reducing equivalents that are theoretically derived from these two‐carbon substrates appear to be managed differently and yield dissimilar growth efficiencies 94 …”

Section: Functional Diversity Of Acetogenic Prokaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old Acetogens, New Light

Drake

Gößner

Daniel

2008

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

520

412

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Acetogens utilize the acetyl-CoA Wood-Ljungdahl pathway as a terminal electron-accepting, energy-conserving, CO(2)-fixing process. The decades of research to resolve the enzymology of this pathway (1) preceded studies demonstrating that acetogens not only harbor a novel CO(2)-fixing pathway, but are also ecologically important, and (2) overshadowed the novel microbiological discoveries of acetogens and acetogenesis. The first acetogen to be isolated, Clostridium aceticum, was reported by Klaas Tammo Wieringa in 1936, but was subsequently lost. The second acetogen to be isolated, Clostridium thermoaceticum, was isolated by Francis Ephraim Fontaine and co-workers in 1942. C. thermoaceticum became the most extensively studied acetogen and was used to resolve the enzymology of the acetyl-CoA pathway in the laboratories of Harland Goff Wood and Lars Gerhard Ljungdahl. Although acetogenesis initially intrigued few scientists, this novel process fostered several scientific milestones, including the first (14)C-tracer studies in biology and the discovery that tungsten is a biologically active metal. The acetyl-CoA pathway is now recognized as a fundamental component of the global carbon cycle and essential to the metabolic potentials of many different prokaryotes. The acetyl-CoA pathway and variants thereof appear to be important to primary production in certain habitats and may have been the first autotrophic process on earth and important to the evolution of life. The purpose of this article is to (1) pay tribute to those who discovered acetogens and acetogenesis, and to those who resolved the acetyl-CoA pathway, and (2) highlight the ecology and physiology of acetogens within the framework of their scientific roots.

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Glycolate as a metabolic substrate for the acetogen Moorella thermoacetica

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

The complete genome sequence ofMoorella thermoacetica(f.Clostridium thermoaceticum)

The complete genome sequence ofMoorella thermoacetica(f.Clostridium thermoaceticum)

Acetogenesis and the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway of CO2 fixation

Old Acetogens, New Light

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