Glycogen storage in the Riftia pachyptila trophosome: contribution of host and symbionts

Sorgo, Angelika; Gaill, Françoise; Lechaire, Jean‐Pierre; Arndt, C.; Bright, Monika

doi:10.3354/meps231115

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A 14C bicarbonate autoradiographic study showed that after 1-3 h of pulse incubations, the carbon incorporation rate of the central zone was almost as high as in the peripheral zone, but was lower in the median zone (Bright et al 2000). Glycogen distribution in the symbionts was not correlated with carbon incorporation (Sorgo et al 2002). These results provided evidence that the morphotypes differ physiologically in their rate of carbon fixation, incorporation, and storage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Ultrastructural reinvestigation of the trophosome in adults of Riftia pachyptila (Annelida, Siboglinidae)

Bright

Sorgo

2003

Invertebrate Biology

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The trophosome of adults of Rifia pachyptila (Vestimentifera) was reinvestigated using 3-dimensional ultrastructural reconstruction and quantitative morphological analysis. The symbionts make up 24.1 %, the symbiont-containing cells (bacteriocytes) are 70.5% of the trophosome's volume. The trophosome is composed of lobules that have a central axial blood vessel surrounded by a myoepitheiium containing bacteriocytes, in turn surrounded by an apolar tissue of bacteriocytes. Part of the splanchnic peritoneum lining the trunk coelom encases the bacteriocytes and forms a ramifying network of peripheral blood vessels. Based on the morphology and ultrastructure of the adult, we hypothesize a mesodermal rather than endodermal origin of trophosome and its constitute bacteriocytes. Some of the central bacteriocytes are part of the myoepithelium surrounding the axial blood vessel and act as stem cells for a proliferating tissue produced in the center and ultimately degraded at the periphery of each lobule. Similarly, the rod-shaped symbionts in the center act as stem cells and exhibit a simple cell cycle. Differentiation into cocci takes place in the median and peripheral zone. Lysis of cocci occurs in the degenerative zone.

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mentioning

confidence: 73%

Ultrastructural reinvestigation of the trophosome in adults of Riftia pachyptila (Annelida, Siboglinidae)

Bright

Sorgo

2003

Invertebrate Biology

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“…The released carbon is incorporated into fast-growing tissues and into the tube-secreting glands, as might be expected from the speed of tube secretion observed by Gaill et al (1997). The trophosome of Riftia contains much glycogen, both in the bacteria and the host cells (Sorgo et al, 2002). Before the trophosome of frenulates was known, glycogen was found to be abundant in the central core of the postannular trunk of the frenulate Siboglinum atlanticum (Southward, 1973).…”

Section: Trophosomementioning

confidence: 96%

Pogonophora (Annelida): form and function

2005

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Pogonophora, also known as Siboglinidae, are tube-dwelling marine annelids. They rely on endosymbiotic chemoautotrophic bacteria for nutrition and their anatomy and physiology are adapted to their need to obtain both oxygen and reduced sulphur compounds. Frenulate pogonophores are generally long and slender, sediment-living tubeworms; vestimentiferans are stouter, inhabitants of hydrothermal vents and cool seeps; and moniliferans or sclerolinids are very slender inhabitants of decaying wood and sulphidic sediments. The anatomy and ultrastructure of the three groups are compared and recent publications are reviewed. Annelid characters are the presence of chaetae and septa, concentrated at the hind end. The adaptations to a specialised way of life include, in particular, the chitinous tube; the anterior appendages that function as gills; the internal tissue called the trophosome, where the endosymbiotic bacteria live; and the blood vascular system that transports oxygen, sulphide and carbon dioxide to the trophosome.

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“…Incorporation rates of organic carbon are high in the central zone where an increase in rods occurs and are also high in the peripheral zone in which biomass increases (Bright et al 2000). The concentration of glycogen, the organic carbon storage compound, is low in the central rods where division demands a high energy expenditure but is high in the large cocci where a surplus of organic carbon attributable to the lack of division allows for a greater glycogen pool (Sorgo et al 2002).…”

Section: Bacteriocyte Cell Cycle With Terminal Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteria are either small and rod-shaped or round. The bacteria can be smaller than the host nuclei in the central region, similar to the median round symbionts, and smaller than the large round symbionts in the peripheral region of the trophosome (Sorgo et al 2002;Bright and Sorgo 2003). Because of the autofluorescence of the semithin sections, non-labeled host nuclei could be distinguished from symbionts and counted under the fluorescence microscope.…”

Section: Counting and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of cell proliferation and apoptosis reflect different life strategies in hydrothermal vent and cold seep vestimentiferan tubeworms

2009

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Deep-sea vestimentiferan tubeworms, which live in symbiosis with bacteria, exhibit different life strategies according to their habitat. At unstable and relatively short-lived hydrothermal vents, they grow extremely fast, whereas their close relatives at stable and long-persisting cold seeps grow slowly and live up to 300 years. Growth and age differences are thought to occur because of ecological and physiological adaptations. However, the underlying mechanisms of cell proliferation and death, which are closely linked to homeostasis, growth, and longevity, are unknown. Here, we show by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural cell cycle analyses that cell proliferation activities of the two species studied are higher than in any other characterized invertebrate, being only comparable with tumor and wound-healing processes. The slow growth in Lamellibrachia luymesi from cold seeps results from balanced activities of proliferation and apoptosis in the epidermis. In contrast, Riftia pachyptila from hydrothermal vents grows fast because apoptosis is down-regulated in this tissue. The symbiont-housing organ, the trophosome, exhibits a complex cell cycle and terminal differentiation pattern in both species, and growth is regulated by proliferation. These mechanisms have similarities to the up- and down-regulation of proliferation or apoptosis in various types of tumor, although they occur in healthy animals in this study, thus providing significant insights into the underlying mechanisms of growth and longevity.

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Glycogen storage in the Riftia pachyptila trophosome: contribution of host and symbionts

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Ultrastructural reinvestigation of the trophosome in adults of Riftia pachyptila (Annelida, Siboglinidae)

Ultrastructural reinvestigation of the trophosome in adults of Riftia pachyptila (Annelida, Siboglinidae)

Pogonophora (Annelida): form and function

Dynamics of cell proliferation and apoptosis reflect different life strategies in hydrothermal vent and cold seep vestimentiferan tubeworms

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