Glycogen production from glucose-1-phosphate by liver and muscle of normal and adrenalectomized animals

Verzár, F.; Wenner, V.

doi:10.1042/bj0420042

Cited by 17 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that APS is particularly prominent in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and it is a candidate for insulin resistance therapy [45,46]. Glucose-1-phosphate is the substrate of glycosyl derivatives [47], and it is also an important glycogen synthesized by liver and muscle in adrenal dysfunction [48]. β-aminoisobutyric acid, also known as DL-3-aminoisobutyric acid, is produced in skeletal muscle during exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Astragalus Polysaccharide Intervention in Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows’ Serum Metabolomics

Zeng

et al. 2020

Animals

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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on serum metabolism of dairy cows under heat stress. Thirty healthy Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into three groups (10 cows in each group). In the experimental group, 30 mL/d (Treatment I) and 50 mL/d (Treatment II) of APS injection were injected into the neck muscle respectively. Each stage was injected with APS for 4 days (8:00 a.m. every day) and stopped for 3 days. Serum hormone and antioxidant indexes of dairy cows were investigated. Through repeated measurement analysis of variance, the results have shown that cortisol (COR) (F = 6.982, p = 0.026), triiodothyronine (T3) (F = 10.005, p = 0.012) and thyroxine (T4) (F = 22.530, p = 0.002) at different time points were significantly different. COR showed a downward trend, T3 and T4 showed an upward trend. At each time point, different concentrations of APS have significant effects on COR (F = 30.298, p = 0.000 < 0.05), T3 (F = 18.122, p = 0.001), and T4 (F = 44.067, p = 0.000 < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in serum insulin (INS), glucagon (GC) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) between different time points (p > 0.05) and at each time point (p > 0.05). Additionally, the results have also shown that there were also no significant differences in serum Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) between different time points (p > 0.05) and at each time point (p > 0.05). However, the injection of APS had a significant impact on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (F = 9.421, p = 0.014) at different times, and showed a trend of rising first and then falling. At each time point, APS of different concentrations had no significant effect on GSH-Px (p > 0.05). Furthermore, we used gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) non-targeted metabolomics to determine the potential markers of APS for heat-stressed dairy cows. Twenty metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of APS in heat-stressed dairy cows. These substances are involved in protein digestion and absorption, glutathione metabolism, prolactin signaling pathway, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and so on. Our findings suggest that APS have an effect on the serum hormones of heat-stressed dairy cows, and regulate the metabolism of heat-stressed dairy cows through glucose metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Astragalus Polysaccharide Intervention in Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows’ Serum Metabolomics

Zeng

et al. 2020

Animals

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An Assessment of the Value of Measuring Uncollected Gastric Secretion During Routine Secretion Studies in Man

1972

Journal of British Surgery

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A simple 'wash-out ' collection technique employing phenol red as a marker has been used during routine gastric secretion studies and its value has been assessed. Studies repeated on a single individual showed good reproducibility. When measured this way loss was not affected greatly by the volume secreted.With this technique the repeatability of pentagastrin tests has been assessed at intervals of 6 weeks. This demonstrated that both acid and pepsin outputs could vary considerably, with a mean variation in acid of over 26 per cent.The effects of histamine, pentagastrin, and insulin upon loss have been studied.Loss has been found to vary considerably from one study to another and from one patient to another and may on occasions be considerable, particularly after previous surgery.These findings suggest that a method of measuring loss should be adopted by any centre which wishes to use secretion studies to analyse the effects of treatment.THE value of secretion studies in clinical practice depends upon the accuracy with which they are performed. One possible source of inaccuracy is the failure to collect all the secretion produced, giving a falsely low calculated secretion. Surprisingly few workers have attempted to measure such losses so that the value of estimating the amount of secretion escaping collection has not been assessed fully.The present study was designed to establish a simple method of collection. Sophisticated techniques (such as the use of a radioactive marker) have been avoided and the method described relies upon changes in the concentration of phenol red (a nonabsorbable marker) between the time of instillation and withdrawal from the stomach. MATERIALS AND METHODSTechnique.-Prior to a test all medications were withheld for 24 hours and the subject was fasted for 12 hours.A double-lumen tube of special construction was used (Fig. I). One lumen ended 15 cm. proximal to the other and had two holes drilled near its end to produce a fine spray when phenol red was infused through it. Infusion was controlled by a peristaltic pump (Watson-Marlowe) at a rate between 10 and 15 ml. per minute. Phenol red was made up before a test by adding 20 ml. of stock solution (1.5 g. per litre) to 2 litres of distilled water. The second lumen FIG. I.-Diagrammatic representation of the collection technique.

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Polysaccharide

Heyns¹

1955

Bausteine Des Tierkörpers I

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Glycogen production from glucose-1-phosphate by liver and muscle of normal and adrenalectomized animals

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Analysis of Astragalus Polysaccharide Intervention in Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows’ Serum Metabolomics

Analysis of Astragalus Polysaccharide Intervention in Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows’ Serum Metabolomics

An Assessment of the Value of Measuring Uncollected Gastric Secretion During Routine Secretion Studies in Man

Polysaccharide

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