Glycogen Formation by the Ruminal Bacterium Prevotella ruminicola

Lou, Jianrong; Dawson, K. A.; Strobel, Herbert J.

doi:10.1128/aem.63.4.1483-1488.1997

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Glycogen biosynthesis in all bacteria studied thus far involves ADP-glucose as an intermediate; ADP-glucose is synthesized from glucose-1-phosphate and ATP by ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (24)(25)(26). Previous experiments with P. bryantii B 1 4 demonstrated that glucose-1-phosphate apparently was the precursor of glycogen formation (21), and it was reasonable to hypothesize that ADP-glucose was the next intermediate in glycogen biosynthesis. It was, thus, surprising to find that P. bryantii did not possess ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase but did have UDP-glucose-dependent pyrophosphorylase activity (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous experiments showed that glucose-1-phosphate is a precursor for glycogen synthesis in P. bryantii (21). Since ADP-glucose serves as the intermediate in other bacterial glycogen syntheses (24,25), it seemed reasonable to expect that P. bryantii would use a similar pathway.…”

Section: Ndp-glucose Pyrophosphorylase Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Russell (28,29) reported that P. bryantii accumulated polysaccharide under nitrogen-limiting and glucose-excess conditions in batch as well as in continuous culture. More recently, this polysaccharide was characterized as high-molecular-weight glycogen (21), and glycogen synthesis of this material in P. bryantii was regulated by the growth rate as well as the growth substrate. Since as much as 40% of maltose provided to P. bryantii was converted into glycogen during cell growth rather than fermentation acids or microbial protein, glycogen synthesis may have important implications in bacte-rial survival and ruminant nutrition.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Glycogen biosynthesis via UDP-glucose in the ruminal bacterium Prevotella bryantii B1(4)

Lou

Dawson

Strobel

1997

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Prevotella bryantii is an important amylolytic bacterium in the rumen that produces considerable amounts of glycogen when it is grown on maltose. Radiolabel studies indicated that glucose-1-phosphate was converted to UDP-glucose, and this latter intermediate served as the immediate precursor for glycogen synthesis. High levels of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activities (>1,492 nmol/min/mg of protein) were detected in cells grown on maltose, cellobiose, glucose, or sucrose, and activity was greatly stimulated (by approximately 60-fold) by the addition of fructose-1,6-bis phosphate (half-maximal activation concentration was 240 M). However, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity was not detected in any of the cultures. Glycogen synthase activity in maltose-grown cultures (48 nmol/min/mg of protein) was higher than that in cellobiose-, sucrose-, and glucose-grown cultures (<26 nmol/min/mg of protein). This is the first report of a bacterium that exclusively uses UDP-glucose to synthesize glycogen. The elucidation of this unique glycogen biosynthesis pathway provides information necessary to further investigate the role of bacterial glycogen accumulation in rumen metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ndp-glucose Pyrophosphorylase Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycogen biosynthesis via UDP-glucose in the ruminal bacterium Prevotella bryantii B1(4)

Lou

Dawson

Strobel

1997

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Ruminal prevalences of Prevotella, Bacteroides, Catabacter, and Enterorhabdus were decreased (P = 0.04 to < 0.001) more than 2-fold by LA compared with SA, with MA being intermediate. Prevotella and Bacteroides species have been implicated in wasteful (from an animal production perspective) ruminal protein degradation (Russell, 1983;Lou et al, 1997) and starch fermentation (and associated sequestration), and some species have been implicated in genetic transfer of antimicrobial resistance between humans and cattle (Shoemaker et al, 1991). The proportion of Clostridium was decreased (P = 0.01) in LA compared with MAtreated cows, indicating a direct effect of LA on this population.…”

Section: Bacterial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen bacterial, archaeal, and fungal diversity of dairy cows in response to ingestion of lauric or myristic acid1

Hristov

Callaway²,

Lee

et al. 2012

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this experiment, part of a larger study, was to investigate changes in rumen bacterial, archaeal, and fungal diversity in cows fed medium-chain saturated fatty acids. In the main study, 6 lactating dairy cows were dosed intraruminally with 240 g/(cow · d) of stearic (SA, control), lauric (LA), or myristic (MA) acid in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design trial. Experimental periods were 28 d, and cows were transfaunated between periods. Lauric acid decreased protozoal counts in the rumen by 96% compared with SA and MA (compared with SA, MA had no effect on ruminal protozoa). Whole ruminal contents samples were collected 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 18, and 24 h after the morning feeding on d 23 of each experimental period, stored frozen, and later composited by cow and period for microbial profile analyses, which involved tag-encoded flexible (FLX) amplicon pyrosequencing to provide diversity analyses of gastrointestinal bacterial, archaeal, and fungal populations of the cattle. The LA treatment, either directly or through its effect on protozoa, had a profound effect on the microbial ecology of the rumen. Ruminal populations of Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Enterorhabdus were decreased (P = 0.04 to P < 0.001) by more than 2-fold in LA treatments compared with SA, and Clostridium populations were decreased (P = 0.01) in LA- compared with MA-treated cows. The proportion of Ruminococcus was not affected by treatment, although the LA treatment had the least proportion of Ruminococcus. Proportions of Eubacterium, Butyrivibrio, Olsenella, and Lactobacillus genera were increased (P = 0.03 to 0.01) by LA compared with MA or SA. The LA treatment, possibly through its effect on protozoa physically associated with archaea, resulted in an increase (P = 0.01) in the archaeal methanogenic genus Methanosphaera and a decrease (P = 0.01) in Methanobrevibacter. Few changes in fungal populations caused by treatment were detected. Collectively, results indicate that LA, either through antiprotozoal or direct antimicrobial effects, altered bacterial and archaeal populations in the rumen of dairy cows, but effects on fungal populations were not clear.

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“…The Prevotella and Paraprevotella genera are involved in the metabolism of proteins and peptides in the rumen. They break down protein and carbohydrates in feed (Jouany, 1991), synthesize de novo peptides, and use products of cellulose degradation from other cellulolytic bacteria (Lou et al, 1997;Atasoglu et al, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Short communication: Signs of host genetic regulation in the microbiome composition in 2 dairy breeds: Holstein and Brown Swiss

González-Recio

Zubiria

García-Rodriguez

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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This study aimed to evaluate whether the host genotype exerts any genetic control on the microbiome composition of the rumen in cattle. Microbial DNA was extracted from 18 samples of ruminal content from 2 breeds (Holstein and Brown Swiss). Reads were processed using mothur (https://www.mothur.org/) in 16S and 18S rRNA gene-based analyses. Then, reads were classified at the genus clade, resulting in 3,579 operational taxonomic units (OTU) aligned against the 16S database and 184 OTU aligned against the 18S database. After filtering on relative abundance (>0.1%) and penetrance (95%), 25 OTU were selected for the analyses (17 bacteria, 1 archaea, and 7 ciliates). Association with the genetic background of the host animal based on the principal components of a genomic relationship matrix based on single nucleotide polymorphism markers was analyzed using Bayesian methods. Fifty percent of the bacteria and archaea genera were associated with the host genetic background, including Butyrivibrio, Prevotella, Paraprevotella, and Methanobrevibacter as main genera. Forty-three percent of the ciliates analyzed were also associated with the genetic background of the host. In total, 48% of microbes were associated with the host genetic background. The results in this study support the hypothesis and provide some evidence that there exists a host genetic component in cattle that can partially regulate the composition of the microbiome.

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Glycogen Formation by the Ruminal Bacterium Prevotella ruminicola

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Glycogen biosynthesis via UDP-glucose in the ruminal bacterium Prevotella bryantii B1(4)

Glycogen biosynthesis via UDP-glucose in the ruminal bacterium Prevotella bryantii B1(4)

Rumen bacterial, archaeal, and fungal diversity of dairy cows in response to ingestion of lauric or myristic acid1

Short communication: Signs of host genetic regulation in the microbiome composition in 2 dairy breeds: Holstein and Brown Swiss

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