Glycoalkaloids of wild, tuber-bearing Solanum species

Gregory, Peter; Sinden, S. L.; Osman, Stanley F.; Tingey, Ward M.; Chessin, Deborah A.

doi:10.1021/jf00108a028

Cited by 83 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Very little is known of GAs of S. bulbocastanum. As far as we know, only Gregory et al [13] reported the presence of unidentified GAs in the leaves of this species. The determination of the GA composition of S. tuberosum -S. bulbocastanum hybrids would be important in that it may affect either human consumption or resistance to pathogen and pests.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…1 H-and 13 C-NMR spectra: at 600 and at 75 MHz, resp., in CD 3 OD on Bruker spectrometers; d in ppm rel. to Me 4 Si, J in Hz; 13 C multiplicities determined by DEPT spectra [22] using Bruker microprograms. ESI-MS: Micromass Q-ToF Micro instrument.…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 -4) was ascertained by chemical degradation and spectroscopic analysis. The basic extract of blb1C was hydrolyzed by treatment with HCl in MeOH, and alkaloid aglycones were extracted after alkalinization of aqueous phase [13]. The aglycones were purified by preparative TLC.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Glycoalkaloids as Biomarkers for Recognition of Cultivated, Wild, and Somatic Hybrids of Potato

Savarese

Andolfi²,

Cimmino³

et al. 2009

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Cultivated and wild potato species synthesize a wide variety of steroidal glycoalkaloids (GAs). During breeding programs, species genomes are often put together through either sexual or somatic hybridization. Therefore, the determination of the GA composition of hybrids is very important in that it may affect either human consumption, or resistance to pathogen and pests. Here, we report the results of GA analysis performed on wild Solanum bulbocastanum, haploids of cultivated potato S. tuberosum and their interspecific somatic hybrids. GAs were extracted from tubers and analyzed by HPLC. HPLC Profile of S. tuberosum haploids showed, as expected, the presence of a-solanine and a-chaconine. The profile of S. bulbocastanum extract showed lack of a-solanine and a-chaconine, and the presence of four GAs. The GA pattern of the somatic hybrids was the sum of their parents profile. This represents a noteworthy tool for their unequivocal recognition. Interestingly, two hybrids produced not only GAs of both parents but also new compounds to be further investigated. This provided evidence that somatic hybridization induced the synthesis of new metabolites. The nature of the probable unidentified GAs associated to S. bulbocastanum and its somatic hybrids was ascertained by chemical degradation and spectroscopic analysis of their aglycones and sugar moieties. Our results suggest their close relation with GAs of both wild and cultivated potato species.

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mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycoalkaloids as Biomarkers for Recognition of Cultivated, Wild, and Somatic Hybrids of Potato

Savarese

Andolfi²,

Cimmino³

et al. 2009

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…Wounding and light exposure are known to affect glycoalkaloid content, which could lead to levels beyond the threshold of 20 mg per 100 g fresh weight (Petersson et al 2013), the level considered safe for human consumption (Smith et al 1996). Many wild species of potato naturally produce high levels of glycoalkaloids (Gregory et al 1981), leading to a need to monitor glycoalkaloid content when introducing other traits from these species. Therefore breeders must be mindful of glycoalkaloid levels when using wild species to develop germplasm.…”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotech Potatoes in the 21st Century: 20 Years Since the First Biotech Potato

et al. 2015

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Potato is the world's most important vegetable crop, with nearly 400 million tons produced worldwide every year, lending to stability in food supply and socioeconomic impact. In general, potato is an intensively managed crop, requiring irrigation, fertilization, and frequent pesticide applications in order to obtain the highest yields possible. Important traits are easy to find in wild relatives of potato, but their introduction using traditional breeding can take 15-20 years. This is due to sexual incompatibility between some wild and cultivated species, a desire to remove undesirable wild species traits from adapted germplasm, and difficulty in identifying broadly applicable molecular markers. Fortunately, potato is amenable to propagation via tissue culture and it is relatively easy to introduce new traits using currently available biotech transformation techniques. For these reasons, potato is arguably the crop that can benefit most by modern biotechnology. The benefits of biotech potato, such as limited gene flow to conventionally grown crops and weedy relatives, the opportunity for significant productivity and nutritional quality gains, and reductions in production cost and environmental impact, have the potential to influence the marketability of newly developed varieties. In this review we will discuss current and past efforts to develop biotech potato varieties, traits that could be impacted, and the potential effects that biotech potato could have on the industry.Resumen La papa es el cultivo hortícola más importante en el mundo, con cerca de 400 millones de toneladas producidas a nivel mundial anualmente, acreditando la estabilidad en el suministro de alimentos e impacto socioeconómico. En general, la papa es un cultivo manejado intensivamente, que requiere riego, fertilización y aplicaciones frecuentes de plaguicidas para obtener los más altos rendimientos posibles. Los caracteres importantes son fáciles de encontrar en parientes silvestres de la papa, pero su introducción usando el mejoramiento tradicional puede llevar de 15 a 20 años. Esto es debido a la incompatibilidad sexual entre algunas especies silvestres y cultivadas, el deseo para eliminar características indeseables de las especies silvestres del germoplasma adaptado, y la dificultad en la identificación de marcadores moleculares aplicables ampliamente. Afortunadamente, la papa es receptiva a la propagación por cultivo de tejidos y es relativamente fácil la introducción de nuevos caracteres usando técnicas biotecnológicas de transformación actualmente disponibles. Por estas razones, la papa es probablemente el cultivo que se puede beneficiar mayormente por la biotecnología moderna. Los beneficios de la papa biotecnológica, como el flujo genético limitado a cultivos que se siembran convencionalmente y a los parientes como malezas, la oportunidad para productividad significativa y logros en calidad nutricional, y las reducciones en los costos de producción e impacto ambiental, tienen el potencial para influenciar la comercialización...

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“…Cultivated potatoes generally have less solanine, and cases of poisoning are rare. Tubers of wild potato species vary in the identity and quantity of glycoalkaloids present (Schrieber, 1968;Osman et al, 1978;Gregory et al, 1981;Johns and Osman, 1986). Wild species in general have 100 mg/100 g or more of total glycoalkaloids.…”

Section: Glycoalkaloids and Potato Taste Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%