Glycine oligomerization on silica and alumina

Bujdák, Juraj; Rode, Bernd M.

doi:10.1007/bf02475464

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the case of alumina the yields of both products increased with the reaction time and the ratio cyc-ala 2 /ala 2 is much lower than that observed for the silica-catalyzed reaction. This may be explained by the relatively lower ability of alumina surface to convert dimer to cyclic anhydride, which was observed also in the case of gly 2 oligomerization (Bujdák and Rode 1997). On the other hand, alumina was the best catalyst for amino acid dimerization, with much higher yields than those produced on silica.…”

Section: Alanine Reactionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Silica, Alumina, and Clay-Catalyzed Alanine Peptide Bond Formation

Bujdák

Rode

1997

J Mol Evol

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The peptide bond formation of alanine (ala), ala + glycine (gly), ala + diglycine (gly 2 ), and ala + gly cyclic anhydride (cyc-gly 2 ) in drying/wetting cycles at 80°C was studied. Silica, alumina, and representative smectites-montmorillonite and hectorite-were used as catalysts, and the dependence of reaction yields on the available amount of water in the reaction systems was evaluated. Silica and alumina catalyze the formation of oligopeptide mainly in temperature fluctuation experiments, whereas higher amounts of water in the reaction system support clay-catalyzed reactions. Silica and alumina are much more efficient for amino acid dimerization than clays. Whereas only 0.1% of ala oligomerized on hectorite and no reaction proceeded on montmorillonite, about 0.9 and 3.8% alanine converted into its dimer and cyclic anhydride on silica and alumina, respectively. Clay minerals, on the other hand, seem to more efficiently catalyze peptide chain elongation than amino acid dimerization. The reaction yields of ala-gly-gly and glygly-ala from ala + gly 2 and ala + cyc-gly 2 reached about 0.3% on montmorillonite and 1.0% on hectorite. The possible mechanisms of these reactions and the relevance of the results for prebiotic chemistry are discussed.

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Section: Alanine Reactionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…A possible activation of amino acids proceeds via the condensation reaction of Si-OH groups with the amino acid carboxyl group forming esters (-Si-O-CO-), as observed by IR spectroscopy (Jewett and Lawless 1981;White et al (Bujdák et al 1996a). However, other possible reaction mechanisms have been also discussed Bujdák and Rode 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silica, Alumina, and Clay-Catalyzed Alanine Peptide Bond Formation

Bujdák

Rode

1997

J Mol Evol

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“…A solution containing the monomers was contacted with clay minerals, and the system was dried at moderate temperatures; then it was wetted again, and the cycle was repeated several times, with the aim of mimicking climate changes that could have happened in real environments (a succession of rains and dry periods). These and other teams' investigations [22,23] definitely observed the formation of oligopeptides, up to the decamer in some cases.…”

Section: Biopolymerization and Mineral Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 54%

Origins of life: From the mineral to the biochemical world

Lambert

2015

BIO Web of Conferences

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Abstract.In this brief review, we summarize the most influential scenarios in origins-oflife studies that have resorted to minerals surfaces. The influence of the pre-existing mineral world on the organization of matter towards the living state may have manifested at several steps in the rise towards higher complexity. Small biomolecules such as amino acids formed on mineral surfaces of interstellar dust, meteorites or comets prior to their delivery to the primordial Earth. Mineral surfaces are known to promote the polymerization of these small molecules to the corresponding biopolymers (e.g. amino acids to proteins), and they may have oriented this polymerization to the formation of specific structures. Crucial steps of protometabolism could have originated on the surface of sulfide minerals. The most daring view of the prebiotic role of minerals holds that some of them may have carried genetic information subject to darwinian selection prior to the rise of nucleic acids, today's genetic material. Finally, porous structures ranging from the nanometer to the micrometer probably helped protect the first proto-organisms from dilution and other damage. Future studies are expected to see progress towards molecular-level characterization, and to start accounting for the complexity of the prebiotic environment.

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“…There is a band shift for unmodified silica (and calcined glycine-modified silica) and glycinemodified silica from 1631 and 1612 cm -1 . It was expected that the Si-O-C band at 1120 cm -1 would be observed [28], but the strong vibrational modes of the silanol (1100 cm -1 ) and siloxane (1200-1100 cm -1 ) groups in the silica overshadowed the vibrations of the expected band.…”

Section: Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Preparation of glycine–modified silica nanoparticles for the adsorption of malachite green dye

et al. 2015

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Organo-functionalized silica nanoparticles were prepared using an in situ modified sol-gel process (hydrolysis-esterification-condensation). This was accomplished under basic conditions by the addition of glycine as a modifier. Evidence of glycine presence was supported by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The addition of 10 wt% glycine into the silica precursor (tetraethoxysilane), in ethanol or methanol media, resulted in a small particle size with a narrow particle size distribution and a high surface area. This is known as a mesoporous structure with a high adsorption volume. Adsorption behavior of the glycine-modified silica nanoparticles was then investigated using a malachite green (MG) dye. Adsorption capacity was raised by increasing the amount of glycine modified silica, MG concentration, and contact time. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm gave the best fit to the experimental data, suggesting monolayer adsorption on a homogenous surface. Adsorption kinetics were predicted by the pseudofirst order kinetic model rather than the pseudo-second order kinetic model, in which the values of adsorption capacity between the theoretical and experimental were more consistent.

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Glycine oligomerization on silica and alumina

Cited by 50 publications

References 11 publications

Silica, Alumina, and Clay-Catalyzed Alanine Peptide Bond Formation

Silica, Alumina, and Clay-Catalyzed Alanine Peptide Bond Formation

Origins of life: From the mineral to the biochemical world

Preparation of glycine–modified silica nanoparticles for the adsorption of malachite green dye

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