Glycine and methionine transport by bovine embryos

Guyader-Joly, C.; Khatchadourian, Chaqué; Ménézo, Yves

doi:10.1017/s0967199400003725

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…As mentioned, CSF is responsible for the meiosis arrest in unfertilized oocytes, and its inactivation by a surge of Ca 2+ during fertilization releases the oocyte from this arrest [ 109 ]. Methionine and cysteine can affect glutathione levels which prevent the negative effects of ROS and apoptosis in embryos [ 29 , 80 , 118 , 135 , 136 ]. Recent evidence suggested that the polarized protein like leptin and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and maybe beta-actin and IL-1 mRNAs can display polarized distribution in oocytes [ 137 – 139 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ooplasmic transfer in human oocytes: efficacy and concerns in assisted reproduction

Darbandi

Khorshid

et al. 2017

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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BackgroundOoplasmic transfer (OT) technique or cytoplasmic transfer is an emerging technique with relative success, having a significant status in assisted reproduction. This technique had effectively paved the way to about 30 healthy births worldwide. Though OT has long been invented, proper evaluation of the efficacy and risks associated with this critical technique has not been explored properly until today. This review thereby put emphasis upon the applications, efficacy and adverse effects of OT techniques in human.Main bodyAvailable reports published between January 1982 and August 2017 has been reviewed and the impact of OT on assisted reproduction was evaluated. The results consisted of an update on the efficacy and concerns of OT, the debate on mitochondrial heteroplasmy, apoptosis, and risk of genetic and epigenetic alteration.Short conclusionThe application of OT technique in humans demands more clarity and further development of this technique may successfully prove its utility as an effective treatment for oocyte incompetence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ooplasmic transfer in human oocytes: efficacy and concerns in assisted reproduction

Darbandi

Khorshid

et al. 2017

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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“…Methionine is the initiating amino acid for the synthesis of proteins in eukaryotes [488,489]. Preimplantation bovine embryos are able uptake methionine from its environment [490], and the absence of methionine in the culture media reduced blastocyst rate in bovine embryos produced in vitro [491]. Methionine is also important for controlling oxidative stress, as it can be metabolized into cysteine, that along with glutamate and glycine are precursors of glutathione (GSH) [492,493], a major antioxidant in mammalian cells [161].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine regulation of preimplantation embryo development in fertility-classified heifers

Moraes¹

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Infertility and subfertility represent pervasive problems in domestic animals and humans, and embryonic mortality is a major factor influencing reproductive efficiency. In cattle, the majority of embryonic loss occurs during the first month of gestation that involves the period of blastocyst formation, conceptus elongation, maternal recognition of pregnancy, implantation and beginning of placentation. Pregnancy success and embryonic mortality are affected by paternal, maternal, embryonic, and environmental factors, and the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy are a result of complex conceptus-endometrium interactions that results in adequate conceptuses (embryo/fetus and associated extraembryonic membranes) development, implantation and placentation. Our central hypothesis is that the uterus directly influences embryonic and conceptus development, and we proposed that heifers with consistently high or low fertility have distinct uterine capacity to support pregnancy. To test this hypothesis, serial embryo transfer (3-4 rounds) was used to classify heifers based on pregnancy success on day 28 as high fertile (HF; 100%), subfertile (SF; 25%), or infertile (IF; 0%). Next, a series of experiments were conducted using the fertility-classified heifers to investigate conceptus development and uterine biology in two time points: (1) day 14, to investigate conceptus development prior to the period when pregnancy induce changes are detected in the endometrium transcriptome; (2) at day 17, to evaluate conceptus-endometrial cross talk during the period of maternal recognition of pregnancy. Results from the studies conducted on day 14 supports the idea that: (1) circulating progesterone concentrations are not different among fertility-classified heifers; (2) conceptus development and survival by day 14 is not affected by fertility classification; (3) only minimal differences in endometrium transcriptome are detected among pregnant fertility-classified heifers. Collectively, these results indicated that the biological mechanisms underlying subfertility and infertility manifests between days 14 and 28, when pregnancy recognition signaling and conceptus elongation and implantation must occur for the establishment of pregnancy. Moreover, results from the subsequent experiments conducted at day 17 indicated that: (1) the mechanism of pregnancy loss in fertility-classified heifers start to manifest around the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy; (2) conceptus survival by day 17 is compromised in IF heifers; (3) conceptus development is advanced in HF than SF heifers; (4) conceptus transcriptome is directly influenced by the uterine environment; (5) dysregulated conceptus-endometrial interactions in SF heifers seems to be the major cause of pregnancy loss. Analysis of the uterine luminal fluid (ULF) from fertility classified heifers on day 17 established that: (1) ULF composition is affected by conceptus-endometrium interactions; (2) glucose concentrations in ULF are not different among fertility-classified heifers; (3) pregnancy induced changes in the metabolites found in ULF was diminished in SF heifers, and the majority of the metabolites that increased in the ULF of pregnant HF than SF heifers were associated with energy and amino acid metabolism; (4) increased abundance of proteins involved with energy metabolism, oxidative stress, amino acid metabolism, and cell proliferation and differentiation were detected in ULF of pregnant HF than SF heifers; (5) The lipid content of the ULF is altered by pregnancy and fertility classification; (6) overall concentrations prostaglandins and interferon tau were increased in the uterine lumen of pregnant HF than SF heifers, likely due to differences in conceptus size. Collectively, results from these studies supports the idea that the dysregulated conceptus-endometrium interactions in SF heifers affects the uterine luminal contents and impairs conceptus survival and elongation. Furthermore, knowledge gained from these studies enhances our understanding of the mechanisms regulating pregnancy loss in cattle and provides new information on uterine and conceptus biology during early pregnancy in ruminants.

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