Glycine

Daly, Edward; Aprison, M. H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4367-7_17

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This difference is discussed below. Based on comparison with aortic occlusion (Daly and Aprison, 1983;Davidoff et al, 1967), cordotomy (Potashner and Dymczyk, 1986), and other immunohistochemical studies (Storm-Mathisen et al, 19861, the origins of these terminals are probably spinal cord interneurons involved in propriospinal pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glycine has a n inhibitory effect on spinal cord neurons (Curtis and Watkins, 1960;Werman et al, 1968), including motor neurons (Werman et al, 19681, dorsal horn neurons (Game and Lodge, 1975;Johnston and Davies, 1981), interneurons (Curtis et al, 19681, and lateral horn neurons (Mo and Dun, 1987). Glycine also has an inhibitory effect in the cochlear nucleus (Caspary et al, 1979(Caspary et al, , 1985Martin, 1985), and other medullary nuclei (Daly and Aprison, 1983). In association with its neurotransmitter properties, glycine is implicated in certain neuropathies such as epilepsy (Cherubini et al, 1981;Peterson, 1986;Toth et al, 1983), glycine encephalopathy, and spasticity (Daly and Aprison, 1983).…”

Section: Glycinementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Glycine also has an inhibitory effect in the cochlear nucleus (Caspary et al, 1979(Caspary et al, , 1985Martin, 1985), and other medullary nuclei (Daly and Aprison, 1983). In association with its neurotransmitter properties, glycine is implicated in certain neuropathies such as epilepsy (Cherubini et al, 1981;Peterson, 1986;Toth et al, 1983), glycine encephalopathy, and spasticity (Daly and Aprison, 1983).…”

Section: Glycinementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Glycine is accepted as a neurotransmitter in the spinal cord (Alger, 1985;Daly and Aprison, 1983;Ryall, 1975) and is suggested to have a similar function in supraspinal regions (Ottersen and Storm-Mathisen, 1984;Pycock and Kerwin, 1981). Glycine has a n inhibitory effect on spinal cord neurons (Curtis and Watkins, 1960;Werman et al, 1968), including motor neurons (Werman et al, 19681, dorsal horn neurons (Game and Lodge, 1975;Johnston and Davies, 1981), interneurons (Curtis et al, 19681, and lateral horn neurons (Mo and Dun, 1987).…”

Section: Glycinementioning

confidence: 97%

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Ultrastructural description of glutamate‐, aspartate‐, taurine‐, and glycine‐like immunoreactive terminals from five rat brain regions

Clements

Magnusson

Beitz

1990

J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.

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The ultrastructural localization of putative excitatory (glutamate, aspartate) and inhibitory (taurine, glycine) amino acid neurotransmitters is described in several selected rat brain regions. In general, axon terminal profiles immunoreactive for excitatory amino acids formed asymmetric synapses with non-immunoreactive small diameter dendritic profiles or dendritic spines. In the cerebellum, both mossy fiber terminals and parallel fiber terminals were immunoreactive for glutamate and aspartate. In the hippocampus, mossy fiber terminals within the stratum lucidum of the CA3 region were immunoreactive for glutamate. Localization of glutamate and aspartate to cerebellar parallel and mossy fibers, as well as the identification of glutamate in hippocampal mossy fibers, is consistent with the excitatory nature of these fibers as described in previous physiological studies. Glutamate-like immunoreactive terminals were also identified in subnucleus caudalis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus and in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Immunoreactive axon terminals for two putative inhibitory neurotransmitters, glycine and taurine, displayed a greater number of morphological variations in synaptic structure. In the cerebellum, taurine-like immunoreactivity was present in both basket cell axon terminals which formed symmetric synapses with Purkinje cell neurons, and in a few mossy fiber terminals which formed asymmetric synapses with dendritic spines. In the area dentata of the hippocampus, taurine-like immunoreactive profiles formed asymmetric synapses with dendritic elements. Glycine-like immunoreactive terminals formed symmetric synapses with cell perikarya in both the ventral horn of the spinal cord and in the cochlear nuclei, and on axon terminals in the spinal trigeminal and cochlear nuclei. In contrast, some glycine-like immunoreactive terminals formed asymmetric synapses with distal dendritic profiles in the spinal cord and spinal trigeminal nucleus. The localization of taurine to cerebellar basket cell axons and glycine to axon terminals that synapse on ventral horn motor neuron perikarya is consistent with the hypothesis that these amino acids are functioning as inhibitory neurotransmitters at these synapses. Taurine localization to cerebellar mossy fibers and to fibers in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus may be more consistent with a proposed neuromodulator role of taurine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%