Glycerol Treated Human Red Cells Frozen with Liquid Nitrogen

Red Cell Enzyme Activities and Properties of Mutant Pyruvate Kinase after Long-Term Storage of Red Cells in Liquid Nitrogen

“…Physiological and meta bolic aspects of stored blood have been in vestigated [2], and the stability of some enzymes has been studied by several work ers [3, 4, 6, 10], In the present study, ac tivities of red cell glycolytic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase, glutathione re ductase, glutathione peroxidase, adenylate kinase, adenosine deaminase, and acetyl cholinesterase were essentially unchanged, except for triose phosphate isomerase, after 8 months of storage. Concerning red cell PK, this result is in accord with reports that the activity did not change during 3 weeks [6], and 19 weeks [10] of storage in liquid nitrogen. In addition, kinetic and electro phoretic properties of PK Tokyo I, which is…”

Small molecule ice recrystallization inhibitors enable freezing of human red blood cells with reduced glycerol concentrations

“…The 20% glycerol control is a very effective additive for the cryopreservation of RBCs and this concentration of glycerol is used in European countries in combination with rapid freezing rates (.100uC/min) followed by storage at 2196uC 1,5,50,51 . In this protocol, fast freezing rates are essential in order to ensure adequate post-thaw RBC recoveries.…”

Red-Cell Enzyme Activities and Properties of Mutant Pyruvate Kinase after 1-Year Storage in a -80°C Freezer

“…The whole blood could not maintain more than 90% of their enzyme activities for a maximum of 20 days at 4 °C and for 5 days at 25 °C. In a system using liquid nitrogen, Krijnen et al [6] reported that PK, glucose-6-phosphate dehydroge nase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconic dehydro genase (6-PGD), glutathione reductase (GR) were stable for 3 weeks, Mourad [11] re ported that G6PD, 6PGD were stable for 19 weeks and Huntsman et al [4,5] reported that G6PD and 6PGD were stable for 1 or 2 Recently Fujii et al [7] reported good sta bilities of enzyme activities in EmbdenMeyerhof pathway and hexose monophos phate pathway, glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px), GR, adenylate kinase (AK), ade nosine deaminase (ADA) and acetylcholin esterase (AchE) activities except for TPI ac tivity stored in liquid nitrogen for 8 months. Liquid nitrogen is not suitable for a large number of blood specimens.…”

“…Venous blood specimens from 5 healthy adults and a homozygous PK deficient patient (PK Maebashi), whose clinical history and laboratory data have been reported previously [8], were collected in heparin and transported to our laboratory at 0-4 "C. Platelets and leukocytes were removed from the blood passing Since the report of Meryman and Kafig [2], methods for storage of red cells using glycerol in liquid nitrogen have been devised [3][4][5][6]. Recently, Fujii et al [7] reported a suitable long-term storage method for red The numbers indicate the mean percent activity remaining after storage (n = 5).…”