Glycerol metabolism of haloarchaea

Williams, Timothy J.; Allen, Michelle A.; Tschitschko, Bernhard; Cavicchioli, Ricardo

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.13580

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…As an osmolyte produced in large amounts in hypersaline environments by the primary producer Dunaliella , glycerol is an important nutrient for many haloarchaea (Oren, ; Williams et al ., ) and is inferred to be a major carbon and energy source for Hht. litchfieldiae and to a lesser extent Hrr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold adaptation of the Antarctic haloarchaea Halohasta litchfieldiae and Halorubrum lacusprofundi

Williams

Liao

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Halohasta litchfieldiae represents ∼ 44% and Halorubrum lacusprofundi ∼ 10% of the hypersaline, perennially cold (≥ -20°C) Deep Lake community in Antarctica. We used proteomics and microscopy to define physiological responses of these haloarchaea to growth at high (30°C) and low (10 and 4°C) temperatures. The proteomic data indicate that both species responded to low temperature by modifying their cell envelope including protein N-glycosylation, maintaining osmotic balance and translation initiation, and modifying RNA turnover and tRNA modification. Distinctions between the two species included DNA protection and repair strategies (e.g. roles of UspA and Rad50), and metabolism of glycerol and pyruvate. For Hrr. lacusprofundi, low temperature led to the formation of polyhydroxyalkanoate-like granules, with granule formation occurring by an unknown mechanism. Hrr. lacusprofundi also formed biofilms and synthesized high levels of Hsp20 chaperones. Hht. litchfieldiae was characterized by an active CRISPR system, and elevated levels of the core gene expression machinery, which contrasted markedly to the decreased levels of Hrr. lacusprofundi. These findings greatly expand the understanding of cellular mechanisms of cold adaptation in psychrophilic archaea, and provide insight into how Hht. litchfieldiae gains dominance in Deep Lake.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold adaptation of the Antarctic haloarchaea Halohasta litchfieldiae and Halorubrum lacusprofundi

Williams

Liao

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Glycerol is an important intermediate in organic carbon mineralization in hypersaline habitats, being a major compatible solute of extremely halophilic algae of the genus Dunaliella (Elevi Bardavid et al ., 2008) and halophilic fungi (Stevenson et al ., 2017). Many pure cultures of haloarchaea are capable of aerobic growth on glycerol as the sole source of carbon and energy (Williams et al ., 2017; Oren, 2017). They possess two pathways [referred to the sn ‐glycerol‐3‐phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxyacetone (DHA) pathways] of its catabolism, likely acquired from bacteria as part of their evolutionary transformation to heterotrophic nutrition (Nelson‐Sathi et al ., 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate‐dependent sulfur respiration in halo(alkali)philic archaea

Sorokin

Messina²,

Smedile³

et al. 2021

Environmental Microbiology

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Archaea are environmentally ubiquitous on Earth, and their extremophilic and metabolically versatile phenotypes make them useful as model systems for astrobiology. Here, we reveal a new functional group of halo(natrono)archaea able to utilize alpha-Dglucans (amylopectin, amylose and glycogen), sugars, and glycerol as electron donors and carbon sources for sulfur respiration. They are facultative anaerobes enriched from hypersaline sediments with either amylopectin, glucose or glycerol as electron/ carbon sources and elemental sulfur as the terminal electron acceptor. They include 10 strains of neutrophilic haloarchaea from circum pH-neutral lakes and one natronoarchaeon from soda-lake sediments. The neutrophilic isolates can grow by fermentation, although addition of S 0 or dimethyl sulfoxide increased growth rate and biomass yield (with a concomitant decrease in H 2 ). Natronoarchaeal isolate AArc-S grew only by respiration, either anaerobically with S 0 or thiosulfate as the terminal electron acceptor, or aerobically. Through genome analysis of five representative strains, we detected the full set of enzymes required for the observed catabolic and respiratory phenotypes. These findings provide evidence that sulfur-respiring haloarchaea partake in biogeochemical sulfur cycling, linked to terminal anaerobic carbon mineralization in hypersaline anoxic habitats. We discuss the implications for life detection in analogue environments such as the polar subglacial brine-lakes of Mars.

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“…Glycerol is a highly abundant carbon and energy source in hypersaline environments, as it is produced in large quantities as an organic osmolyte by Dunaliella salina , a green microalga, that blooms and recedes with fluctuating salt concentrations in these ecosystems (Elevi Bardavid et al, 2008). Glycerol is readily used as a carbon and energy source by haloarchaea ( Halobacteria class; Williams, Allen, et al, 2017). Haloarchaea metabolize glycerol in two different pathways (T. J. Williams, Szöllősi, et al, 2017).…”

Section: Lignocellulosic Components and Depolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halophilic archaea and their potential to generate renewable fuels and chemicals

Kasirajan

Maupin-Furlow

2020

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Lignocellulosic biofuels and chemicals have great potential to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate air pollution by cutting down on greenhouse gas emissions. Chemical, thermal, and enzymatic processes are used to release the sugars from the lignocellulosic biomass for conversion to biofuels. These processes often operate at extreme pH conditions, high salt concentrations, and/or high temperature. These harsh treatments add to the cost of the biofuels, as most known biocatalysts do not operate under these conditions. To increase the economic feasibility of biofuel production, microorganisms that thrive in extreme conditions are considered as ideal resources to generate biofuels and value‐added products. Halophilic archaea (haloarchaea) are isolated from hypersaline ecosystems with high salt concentrations approaching saturation (1.5–5 M salt concentration) including environments with extremes in pH and/or temperature. The unique traits of haloarchaea and their enzymes that enable them to sustain catalytic activity in these environments make them attractive resources for use in bioconversion processes that must occur across a wide range of industrial conditions. Biocatalysts (enzymes) derived from haloarchaea occupy a unique niche in organic solvent, salt‐based, and detergent industries. This review focuses on the use of haloarchaea and their enzymes to develop and improve biofuel production. The review also highlights how haloarchaea produce value‐added products, such as antibiotics, carotenoids, and bioplastic precursors, and can do so using feedstocks considered “too salty” for most microbial processes including wastes from the olive‐mill, shell fish, and biodiesel industries.

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Glycerol metabolism of haloarchaea

Cited by 24 publications

References 125 publications

Cold adaptation of the Antarctic haloarchaea Halohasta litchfieldiae and Halorubrum lacusprofundi

Cold adaptation of the Antarctic haloarchaea Halohasta litchfieldiae and Halorubrum lacusprofundi

Carbohydrate‐dependent sulfur respiration in halo(alkali)philic archaea

Halophilic archaea and their potential to generate renewable fuels and chemicals

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