Glycerol Accelerates Recovery of Barrier Function In Vivo

Fluhr, Joachim W.; Gloor, M.; Lehmann, L.; Lazzerini, S.; Distante, F.; Berardesca, Enzo

doi:10.1080/000155599750009825

Cited by 138 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To further confirm the regulatory role of epidermal dysfunction in serum inflammatory cytokines, we next treated the 12-month old mice topically with glycerol, another agent that improves epidermal permeability barrier function and stratum corneum hydration (Atrux-Tallau et al, 2010; Fluhr et al, 1999 & 2003). As shown in Figure 4c, topical glycerol treatments significantly reduced the mRNA levels of several cytokines in aged mouse skin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal Dysfunction Leads to an Age-Associated Increase in Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines

Mauro

Dang

et al. 2017

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

100

117

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Even though elderly populations lack visible or other clinical signs of inflammation, their serum cytokine and C reactive protein levels typically are elevated. However, the origin of age-associated systemic inflammation is unknown. Our previous studies showed that abnormalities in epidermal function provoke cutaneous inflammation, and because intrinsically aged skin displays compromised permeability barrier homeostasis, as well as reduced stratum corneum hydration, we hypothesized here that epidermal dysfunction could contribute to the elevations in serum cytokines in the elderly. Our results show first that acute disruption of the epidermal permeability barrier in young mice led not only to a rapid increase in cutaneous cytokine mRNA expression, but also an increase in serum cytokine levels. Second, cytokine levels in both the skin and serum increased in otherwise normal, aged mice (>12 months). Third, expression of TNFα and amyloid A mRNA levels increased in the epidermis, but not in the liver, in parallel with significant elevations in serum levels of cytokines. Fourth, disruption of the permeability barrier induced similar elevations in epidermal and serum cytokine levels in normal and athymic mice, suggesting the T cells play a negligible role in the elevations in cutaneous and serum inflammatory cytokines induced by epidermal dysfunction. Fifth, correction of epidermal function significantly reduced cytokine levels not only in the skin, but also in the serum of aged mice. Together, these results indicate that the sustained abnormalities in epidermal function in chronologically aged skin contribute to the elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, potentially predisposing the elderly to the subsequent development or exacerbation of chronic inflammatory disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal Dysfunction Leads to an Age-Associated Increase in Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines

Mauro

Dang

et al. 2017

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

100

117

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“…Furthermore, among the 57% of the respondents stating to be familiar with SP/SC products, only 5% used SP cream in the morning, as recommended by the manufacturers. Consequently, training and educational programs still seem to be necessary to explain the importance of SP products among surgical professionals [8,10]. This is underlined by the response of 36% of the respondents stating to use SP/SC when the hands already feel rough and dry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practice of skin protection and skin care among German surgeons and influence on the efficacy of surgical hand disinfection and surgical glove perforation

Harnoss

Brune

Ansorg³

et al. 2014

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundSurgical hand rub and healthy skin are basic requirements to prevent surgical site infections. Nevertheless, there is little knowledge about the current practice of skin protection and/or skin care products (SP/SC) using among surgeons as well as a lack of data pertaining to the influence of SP/SC on the antimicrobial efficacy of surgical hand rub.MethodsA 10 weeks-survey among German surgeons as well as an experimental crossover study involving 26 participants were conducted. The immediate and sustainable efficacy (IE/SE) of surgical hand rub and participants’ hand moisture were measured after an 8-day usage of SP/SC, as well as the influence on micro-perforations on surgical gloves.ResultsThe questionnaire was available to 16,000 German surgeons. Thereof, 1,771 surgeons accessed the questionnaire, representing a total participation rate of 11%. As 19% (n = 338) of questionnaires were incomplete, a total of 1,433 completed questionnaires were available for further analysis. More than 75% of the participants stated not to use any SP/SC, yet, almost 50% suffered from skin irritation or discomfort. Only 5% used SP/SC at the beginning of their shift. 10% refused to use SP/SC because of concerns that SP/SC may reduce the antimicrobial efficacy of surgical hand rub.After usage of SP/SC over 8-days, skin moisture was significantly higher (P < 0.001), whereas no significant influence on the antimicrobial efficacy of surgical hand rub was observed (IE: P = 0.135; SP: P = 0.681). Micro-perforations were detected in 8/52 surgical gloves (15%), with no statistical significant difference between SP/SC users (n = 2/26; 8%) and non-users (n = 6/26; 23%; P = 0.249).ConclusionsFollowing the results of this largest questionnaire base survey among German surgeons on skin care, there is a need to educate and inform surgeons on the correct application and the concept of SP/SC strategies. In the present study, the combination of selected SP/SC products and one alcohol-based hand rub formulation did not show a negative interaction with surgical hand rub or surgical glove perforation. However, it is advisable to ascertain the compatibility of SP/SC products with the used hand disinfectant prior to purchase.

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“…They all increased skin hydration to the same extent. This was expected as 5% (w/w) of glycerol - well known for its stratum corneum humectancy - was added to the basic W/O formula in which the different silicones were incorporated [7,29,47,48]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicones as Nonocclusive Topical Agents

Paepe

Sieg²,

Meur³

et al. 2014

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aims: Silicone excipients are commonly used ingredients because of their emollient and skin-conditioning effects, and their ability to form uniform, water-resistant, yet permeable films. Based on comparisons with organic materials and conflicting knowledge from silicones used in scar treatment, the misconception still exists that silicone topical excipients are occlusive substances that may block the passive loss of water through the upper skin layers. Therefore, 3 types of common silicone excipients and 3 water-in-(oil-plus-silicone) or W/(O + Si) creams, containing 10% (w/w) of the respective silicones, were investigated as a function of time and compared to petrolatum. Methods: Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin hydration measurements were carried out after a single topical application on forearm skin of 26 healthy young female volunteers. Results: Both petrolatum and silicones significantly decreased TEWL 15 min after application, but the measurements for the silicones were not significantly different from the untreated control values. The tested silicones did not moisturize the skin. Petrolatum formed an occlusive layer, creating an increase in skin hydration for more than 4 h. The results measured for the W/(O + Si) creams indicated that they moisturized the skin, without any effect on TEWL. Conclusion: A clear difference was shown between the skin occlusive properties of petrolatum and the water vapor permeability of the common silicone excipient materials.

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Glycerol Accelerates Recovery of Barrier Function In Vivo

Cited by 138 publications

References 12 publications

Epidermal Dysfunction Leads to an Age-Associated Increase in Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines

Epidermal Dysfunction Leads to an Age-Associated Increase in Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines

Practice of skin protection and skin care among German surgeons and influence on the efficacy of surgical hand disinfection and surgical glove perforation

Silicones as Nonocclusive Topical Agents

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