Glyceroglycolipid Metabolism Regulations under Phosphate Starvation Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942

Abstract

Glyceroglycolipids, abundant in cyanobacteria’s photosynthetic membranes, present bioactivities and pharmacological activities, and can be widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. Environmental factors could alter the contents and compositions of cyanobacteria glyceroglycolipids, but the regulation mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, the glyceroglycolipids contents and the transcriptome in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 were analyzed under phosphate starvation. Under phosphate starvation, the decrease of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) and increases of digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) led to a decrease in the MGDG/DGDG ratio, from 4:1 to 5:3, after 12 days of cultivation. However, UDP–sulfoquinovose synthase gene sqdB, and the SQDG synthase gene sqdX, were down-regulated, and the decreased MGDG/DGDG ratio was later increased back to 2:1 after 15 days of cultivation, suggesting the regulation of glyceroglycolipids on day 12 was based on the MGDG/DGDG ratio maintaining glyceroglycolipid homeostasis. There are 12 differentially expressed transcriptional regulators that could be potential candidates related to glyceroglycolipid regulation, according to the transcriptome analysis. The transcriptome analysis also suggested post-transcriptional or post-translational regulations in glyceroglycolipid synthesis. This study provides further insights into glyceroglycolipid metabolism, as well as the scientific basis for glyceroglycolipid synthesis optimization and cyanobacteria glyceroglycolipids utilization via metabolic engineering.

Characterization of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthases in Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis and their potential roles in the fading of the thallus

“…The regulatory mechanisms of MGDs are thus complex. Indeed, GlMGDs were previously observed to be regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and post-translational levels (Awai et al, 2001;Selão et al, 2014;Shimojima et al, 2009;Xu & Miao, 2020).…”

Nutrición animal: Texto de formación universitaria

“…La nueva clasificación de los lípidos no considera a los glucolípidos como una categoría aparte, a pesar de que esto lípidos cumplen rol importante, como parte de las membranas fotosintéticas, monogalactosildiacilglicerol y digalactosildiacilglicerol, en 80% de los lípidos del cloroplasto (Li & Yu, 2018), abundantes en las membranas fotosintéticas de las cianobacterias, como componentes bioactivos de amplio uso en la industria farmacéutica (Xu & Miao, 2020), por lo que se los ha anexado como una categoría más, en analogía y similitud química a los glicerofosfolípidos, al estar formado por glicerol, ligado por enlace éster a dos ácidos grasos, y por enlace glucosídico a un azúcar, formando un gliceroglucolípido .…”

Current Trend of Marine Carbohydrate-Containing Compounds with Medicinal Properties

“…Glyceroglycolipids are widely distributed in plants, microalgae, and cyanobacteria and present bioactivities and pharmacological activities and can be widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. A study by Xu and Miao [18] provided further insights into the glyceroglycolipid metabolism, as well as the scientific basis for glyceroglycolipid synthesis optimization and cyanobacteria glyceroglycolipids utilization via metabolic engineering. The authors showed that there are 12 differentially expressed transcriptional regulators that could be potential candidates related to glyceroglycolipid regulation, according to a transcriptome analysis.…”