Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Incidence of Endometrial Cancer: The Iowa Women's Health Study

Folsom, Aaron R.; Demissie, Zewditu; Harnack, Lisa

doi:10.1207/s15327914nc4602_03

Cited by 81 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Unlike Folsom et al 15 we did not collect data on diabetes, and therefore were unable to adjust for it in the analysis. However, although there is evidence from epidemiological studies to support a causal association between diabetes mellitus and endometrial cancer 32 , it is not immediately obvious that failure to adjust for diabetes would have confounded the associations observed here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: a prospective cohort study

Silvera

Rohan

Jain

et al. 2005

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: High-glycaemic-load diets may increase endometrial cancer risk by increasing circulating insulin levels and, as a consequence, circulating oestrogen levels. Given the paucity of epidemiological data regarding the relationship between dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk, we sought to examine these associations using data from a prospective cohort study. Design, setting and subjects: We examined the association between dietary glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 49 613 Canadian women aged between 40 and 59 years at baseline who completed self-administered foodfrequency questionnaires between 1982 and 1985. Linkages to national mortality and cancer databases yielded data on deaths and cancer incidence, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. Results: During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 426 incident cases of endometrial cancer. Hazard ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of overall glycaemic index and glycaemic load were 1.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 0.90 -2.41; P for trend ¼ 0.14) and 1.36 (95% CI ¼ 1.01 -1.84; P for trend ¼ 0.21), respectively. No association was observed between total carbohydrate or total sugar consumption and endometrial cancer risk. Among obese women (body mass index . 30 kg m 22 ) the hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load was 1.88 (95% CI ¼ 1.08-3.29; P for trend ¼ 0.54) and there was a 55% increased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load among premenopausal women. There was also evidence to support a positive association between glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women who had used hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions: Our data suggest that diets with high glycaemic index or high glycaemic load may be associated with endometrial cancer risk overall, and particularly among obese women, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women who use hormone replacement therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: a prospective cohort study

Silvera

Rohan

Jain

et al. 2005

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Body mass index and diabetes status were determined as previously described (7). A woman's physical activity level was categorized from three questions regarding frequency of moderate and vigorous activities and dichotomized as low or moderate/ high.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Association Between Dietary Glycemic Index or Load and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence in Postmenopausal Women

Johnson

Anderson

Harnack

et al. 2005

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…A total of 16 published articles reporting risk factor of endometrial cancer satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in our meta-analysis (Levi et al, 1993;Potischman et al, 1993;Shu et al, 1993;Tzonou et al, 1996;Goodman et al, 1997;Jain et al, 2000;McCann et al, 2000;Littman et al, 2001;Petridou et al, 2002;Folsom et al, 2003;Furberg et al, 2003;Xu et al, 2007;Bravi et al, 2009;Yeh et al, 2009;Biel et al, 2011b;Cui et al, 2011). The characteristics of the included studies were shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Eligible Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Effect of Energy Intake Overall on Risk of Endometrial Cancers: a Meta-analysis

Chu

Song²

2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Previous epidemiologic studies on the association between energy intake and endometrial cancer risk have only generated contradictory results. The role of energy intake in endometrial carcinogenesis thus remains unclear. To quantitatively assess the potential association between energy intake and endometrial cancer, a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies was here conducted. Materials and Methods: Eligible studies were retrieved via both computerized searches and review of references. Fixed-or random-effect models were used to summarize the estimates of OR with 95%CIs. Stratified analyses on study design, region and macronutrients' calorie were performed. Results: Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria of the meta-analysis. No association between total energy intake and endometrial cancer was observed in either overall group (OR=1.11, 95%CI 0.92-1.30) or subgroups stratified by study design and region. In the specific macronutrients' calorie analysis, higher fat energy intake was found to be associated with increased endometrial risk (OR=1.72, 95%CI 1.12-2.32) while energy from carbohydrate and protein was not related to endometrial cancer risk. Conclusions: Our analysis did not support that total energy intake is related to endometrial cancer risk, in contrast to fat energy.

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Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Incidence of Endometrial Cancer: The Iowa Women's Health Study

Cited by 81 publications

References 22 publications

Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: a prospective cohort study

Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: a prospective cohort study

No Association Between Dietary Glycemic Index or Load and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence in Postmenopausal Women

No Effect of Energy Intake Overall on Risk of Endometrial Cancers: a Meta-analysis

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