Glycemic index and glycemic load of the diets of Japanese adults: the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan

Murakami, Kentaro; Sasaki, Satoshi

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2017.08.012

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…At the nutrient level, Japanese diets are high in Na (15,16) but low in saturated fats (17,18) and added sugars (18,19) . Furthermore, Japanese diets are high in dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load (20) but low in dietary energy density (21) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterisation of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in the Japanese context: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis

Murakami

Shinozaki

Livingstone

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To characterise different meal types by examining the contribution of specific meals to the total intakes and the nutritional quality of each meal. Design: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on dietary data collected using 4-d dietary record. Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3. Setting: Japan. Participants: Adults aged 20–81 years (n 639). Results: Diet quality was, on average, highest for dinner, followed, in order, by lunch, breakfast and snacks. Breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks, on average, accounted for 21 %, 32 %, 40 % and 11 % of total energy intake, respectively. For many nutrients, the percentage contribution to total intake did not vary within each meal, broadly in line with that for energy: 18–24 % for breakfast, 26–35 % for lunch, 35–49 % for dinner and 4–15 % for snacks. However, intakes of many foods largely depended on one meal type. The foods mainly eaten at dinner were potatoes, pulses, total vegetables, fish, meat and alcoholic beverages (52–70 %), in contrast to noodles (58 %) at lunch and bread (71 %) and dairy products (50 %) at breakfast. The foods mainly eaten at snacks were confectioneries (79 %) and sugar-sweetened beverages (52 %). Conversely, rice and eggs were more evenly distributed across three main meals (19–41 % and 30–38 %, respectively), while fruit and non-energetic beverages were more evenly distributed across all meal types (17–30 % and 19–35 %, respectively). Conclusions: These findings provide the background information on each meal type in Japanese and may help inform the development of meal-based guidelines and public health messages.

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confidence: 99%

Characterisation of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in the Japanese context: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis

Murakami

Shinozaki

Livingstone

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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“…However, these three diets have a lot in common. The low-sugar diet recommends rejecting refined carbohydrates and excessive sugar intake, which also includes overprocessed meat (180)(181)(182). In addition, a low-sugar diet is a low-GI diet, and some researchers believe that the MD is also a low-GI diet (78).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A low-GI and an energy-restricted diet containing moderate amounts of carbohydrates may reduce body weight and control glucose and insulin metabolism (178). Those following the low-sugar and low-GI diet should consume large amounts of vegetables rich in fiber and phytonutrients (179), avoid the intake of carbohydrate-rich foods, such as bread, noodles, pasta, and starchy vegetables, as in the Western diet (180,181), and cakes, candy, biscuits, and sugar-sweetened beverages are forbidden (182). Turati et al (183) found that high-GL diets may have an adverse effect on blood glucose levels, insulin, and IGFs, resulting in an increased risk of PC.…”

Section: The Low-sugar Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Diets and Pancreatic Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Practice

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor with high invasiveness, easy metastatic ability, and chemoresistance. Patients with PC have an extremely low survival rate due to the difficulty in early diagnosis. It is estimated that nearly 90% of PC cases are caused by environmental risk factors. Approximately 50% of PC cases are induced by an unhealthy diet, which can be avoided. Given this large attribution to diet, numerous studies have assessed the relationship between various dietary factors and PC. This article reviews three beneficial diets: a ketogenic diet (KD), a Mediterranean diet (MD), and a low-sugar diet. Their composition and impact mechanism are summarized and discussed. The associations between these three diets and PC were analyzed, and we aimed to provide more help and new insights for the prevention and treatment of PC.

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“…Korean diets involve a high intake of carbohydrate rich foods such as cereal grains, bread, noodles and pasta, and starchy vegetables [53]. Japanese diets have high GI and GL values of 65-67 and 141-185, respectively [54]. Additionally, white rice in Korean diets have high GI values of 51-93, while in the Italian diet, the GI value is 64 and 69 in the international GI databases [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load and Carbohydrate with the Risk of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer: A Case-Control Study

2020

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Background: The association of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with the risk of cervical cancer has never been investigated. Thus, we aimed to find evidence of any association of GI and GL with the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. Methods: In this hospital-based case-control study, we included 1340 women (670 controls and 262, 187 and 221 patients with CIN1, CIN2/3, and cervical cancer, respectively) from the Korean human papillomavirus cohort study. Completed demographic questionnaires and semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaires were collected. The association of dietary GI and GL with CIN and cervical cancer was estimated using a logistic regression model. Results: The multivariate odds ratios (OR) of the highest compared with the lowest quintile of GL for CIN1 were 2.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.33–5.88). Dietary GI and GL were not associated with CIN2/3 and cervical cancer. Stratified analyses by body mass index (BMI) indicated a positive association between GI and GL and CIN 1 risk among women with a BMI (in kg/m2) <23 (OR = 2.94; 95% CI = 1.32–6.53; p for trend = 0.031 for GI and OR = 3.15; 95% CI = 1.53–6.52; p for trend = 0.013 for GL), but not among those with a BMI of ≥23. A stratification analysis by menopausal status showed that the highest quintile of GI and GL was significantly associated with the risk of CIN1 (OR = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.43–5.96; p for trend = 0.005) (OR = 2.96; 95% CI = 1.53–5.69; p for trend = 0.023) among premenopausal women. Also, in HPV positive women, dietary GL showed significant CIN1 risk (OR = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.09–6.24; p for trend = 0.087). Conclusion: Our case-control study supports the hypothesized associations of dietary GI and GL with increased risk of CIN1. Thus, the consumption of low GI and GL foods plays a significant role in the prevention of cervical carcinogenesis.

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Glycemic index and glycemic load of the diets of Japanese adults: the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Characterisation of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in the Japanese context: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis

Characterisation of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in the Japanese context: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis

Beneficial Diets and Pancreatic Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Practice

Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load and Carbohydrate with the Risk of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer: A Case-Control Study

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