Glycaemic control in Sudanese individuals with type 2 diabetes: Population based study

Noor, Sufian K.; Elmadhoun, Wadie M; Bushara, Sarra O; Almobarak, Ahmed O.; Salim, Reham S; Forawi, Sittana A; Awadallah, Heitham; Elwali, Einas S.; Ahmed, Mohamed H.

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2016.12.024

Cited by 33 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, it is not surprising that the prevalence of fatty liver among Sudanese individuals with type 2 diabetes was found to be as high as 50.3% (4). Importantly, Increasing age, a family history of diabetes, central obesity, obesity, an increase in metabolic syndrome parameters, hypertension and high triglyceride level and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level were significant risk factors for both diabetes and fatty liver in Sudanese individuals (1)(2)(3)(4). Unfortunately, the prevalence of diabetes in Africa is expected to increase to 28 million cases by 2030 in comparison with 14 million in 2011 (5-7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of diabetic foot ulceration and associated risk factors: an old and still major public health problem in Khartoum, Sudan?

et al. 2017

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Background: Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is a major health problem across the globe. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of DFU and its associated risk factors in Sudanese individuals with diabetes.Methods: Three hundred and ten individuals with type 2 diabetes, who have been on treatment for DM for at least 1 year and volunteered to participate, were enrolled in this study. Participants were interviewed using standardized pretested questionnaire to record medical history, socio-demographic, life style characteristics and presence of DFU.Results: The prevalence of DFU was found to be 18.1% in this cohort (95% CI: 13.78-22.34%). Among different metabolic variants like hypertension, albuminuria, retinopathy, neuropathy, HbA1c, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride, only duration of diabetes was significantly associated with DFU (P<0.0018) as shown by logistic regression statistical analysis. Even after adjusting for all other potential risk factors, living with diabetes for more than 10 years is associated with an increase in the diabetic foot probability by 3.16 folds (95% CI: 052-10.48 folds increase), P=0.006.The adjusted effect for living with diabetes for more than 20 years on the diabetic foot complication probability is an increase by 1.73 folds (95% CI: 0.39-4.37 folds increase), P=0.005. However, living with diabetes for more than 5 years had a non-significant adjusted effect on diabetic foot probability.Conclusions: Prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer was 18.1 % and the risk of development of diabetic foot ulcer is increased with duration of diabetes more than 10 years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of diabetic foot ulceration and associated risk factors: an old and still major public health problem in Khartoum, Sudan?

et al. 2017

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“…This study found that T2DM patients with fairly and poorly controlled eGFR had 80% and 67% less chances, respectively, of having poor glycaemic control than those with good control [42]. The reason for this is unclear but could be related to the use of insulin as the main treatment regimen in patients with reduced renal function due to increased insulin resistance and abnormalities in glucose metabolism [43].…”

Section: Clinical Characteristics Of T2dm Participantsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Clinical characteristics and determinants of glycaemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Fiji

Romakin¹,

Wilson²,

Khan³

et al. 2020

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Background Diabetes is a global health problem reaching pandemic proportions. In Fiji, diabetes has a prevalence rate of 15.6% in 2011which is estimated to rise to 19.3% in 2020. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of poor glycaemic control level and its determinants among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods This retrospective study was conducted in three selected health centres in Suva, Fiji with the following inclusion criteria: adult T2DM ≥ 18 years old registered during 2011 to 2016; on treatment for > 1year; had > 4 clinic visits and; had a recent HbA1c result in 2017. Logistic regression analysis was performed and p < 0.05 considered as significant. Results There were 200 female (59.2%) and 138 male (40.8%) T2DM patients in this study with a mean age of 56.5 years (SD = ± 9.9). Most of T2DM patients have poorly controlled random blood sugar (RBS), 67.1% and fasting blood sugar (FBS), 63.0%. Two-thirds (65.4%) had associated medical conditions. The proportion of poor glycaemic control (HbA1c < 7%) was 77.2%. Mean HbA1c was 8.6% (± 2.04). RBS, FBS, cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significant (p < 0.05) determinants of poor glycaemic control. Conclusions Health care workers dealing with T2DM patients should consider the clinical determinants of poor glycaemic control for a more effective diabetes management.

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“…13 32 Furthermore, higher prevalence of patients with diabetes with poor glycaemic control was reported in African countries such as Uganda (79%), Botswana (82%), Nigeria (62%) and Congo (68%), but the prevalence of good glycaemic control was estimated to be 52.5% in USA and 49.1% in Korea. 33 The variations in glycaemic control among Western, Asian and African countries may be attributed to different reasons, including diabetes services and operational programmes, medical staff and healthcare system, and individual characteristics and preference. 33 34 It indicated that glycaemic control among patients with diabetes is a serious challenge worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organisational and individual characteristics associated with glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: cross-sectional study in China

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveThere is a high prevalence of poor glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in China. This study aimed to explore both organisational and individual characteristics associated with glycaemic control among patients with T2DM.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingShandong Province, China.ParticipantsThe participants were 2166 patients with T2DM and 337 healthcare providers from 36 urban communities and 36 rural villages in Shandong Province.Primary and secondary outcome measuresMultistage stratified sampling procedures were used to measure demand-side individual demographic, clinical and self-management characteristics, and supply-side organisational characteristics, and the status of glycaemic control. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to assess key determinants of glycaemic control.ResultsOnly 42.8% of the patients with T2DM achieved good glycaemic control. Age, income, hypertension and self-efficacy were significantly positive predictors of optimal glycaemic control, while duration of diabetes, antidiabetic drugs and monitoring of blood glucose were significantly negative predictors of that. Private VCs (OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.82, p<0.01) and lack of healthcare providers (OR=0.69, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.89, p<0.01; OR=0.71, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.98, p<0.05) were significantly negative predictors of optimal glycaemic control, while diabetes knowledge level of healthcare providers (OR=1.36, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.83, p<0.05; OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.10, p<0.05) and kinds of antidiabetic drugs (OR=1.37, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.93, p<0.1; OR=1.46, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.00, p<0.05) were significantly positive predictors of that.ConclusionsGlycaemic control was suboptimal among patients with T2DM in China. The determinants of failing to achieve good glycaemic control included both organisational and individual characteristics. Potential interventions that target patients, providers and the healthcare organisations should be taken to improve the glycaemic control and health outcome among patients with T2DM.

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Glycaemic control in Sudanese individuals with type 2 diabetes: Population based study

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence of diabetic foot ulceration and associated risk factors: an old and still major public health problem in Khartoum, Sudan?

Prevalence of diabetic foot ulceration and associated risk factors: an old and still major public health problem in Khartoum, Sudan?

Clinical characteristics and determinants of glycaemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Fiji

Organisational and individual characteristics associated with glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: cross-sectional study in China

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