Glycaemic and non‐glycaemic efficacy of once‐weekly GLP‐1 receptor agonists in people with type 2 diabetes

Patel, Dhiren

doi:10.1111/jcpt.13224

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(254 reference statements)

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“… 49 , 55 Across studies and populations, Semaglutide pharmacokinetics were reported with a lengthy eradication half-life and a once-weekly subcutaneous injection of 2.4 mg for its anti-obesity activity. 44 , 52 , 56 , 57 It has shown to be slowly absorbed following subcutaneous injection with a tmax of approximately 1–3 days post-subcutaneous dose. Absolute bioavailability was estimated to be 89%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review

Alorfi¹,

Algarni²

2022

CPAA

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Purpose Obesity and overweight pose a threat to health and are more common than undernutrition among adults. It is categorized by fat accumulation and a body mass index (BMI) of > 30. A significant increase in worldwide obesity has been ongoing over several decades. Over the past few years, several strategies have been followed for weight management and to counteract the increasing prevalence of the disease; however, room for improvement with pharmacological options still exists. This review aimed to digest selected past clinical and experimental studies and understand the role of semaglutide treatment for obesity. Methods Articles related to the clinical uses of semaglutide, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and side effects of the drug were identified. Only studies with human subjects who used Semaglutide for obesity management were included and assessed. Results Semaglutide promotes weight loss via appetite and hunger suppression, decreases energy intake, controls eating, and depresses the relative fondness for fatty, energy-dense foods. Moreover, the relationship between obesity and Semaglutide has been widely investigated, and most studies reveal the efficacy of Semaglutide on weight loss. Overall, the pharmacokinetics of semaglutide shows a drop in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and total body weight. The usual adverse effects observed in patients treated with Semaglutide include gastrointestinal adverse events, like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal cramps. Conclusion The findings from the review suggest that semaglutide appears to be beneficial, most notably in its contribution to weight reduction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review

Alorfi¹,

Algarni²

2022

CPAA

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“…It has been used among CP patients with HO, with some success (weight reduction of 9-22 kg); however, until now, only with short-term use (24 months) [60,61]. The weight reduction is about 5%-10%, dependent on dose and indication (type 2 diabetes or obesity) [62,63]. Much attention is now focused on the third generation of incretin drugs-for example, tirzepatide-though not yet been launched in Europe.…”

Section: Pharmacological Treatment Of Hypothalamic Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniopharyngioma—An update on metabolic and cognitive complications and new therapy

Erfurth

2023

J Intern Med

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Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare primary brain epithelial tumors arising in the suprasellar region from remnants of Rathke's pouch. About 50% originate at the level of the third ventricle floor, including the hypothalamus (HT). CPs are characterized by a low proliferation rate and symptoms due to mass effect and local infiltration and are managed primarily with surgery and radiotherapy. Gross total removal of a CP will reduce the recurrence rate but increases the risk of HT damage. Today, subtotal resection is the goal and will reduce the risk of HT damage. There are two histological subtypes of CP—adamantinomatous (ACP) and papillary CP (PCP)—that differ in their genesis and age distribution. ACPs are driven by somatic mutations in CTNNB1 gene (encoding β‐catenin), and PCPs frequently harbor somatic BRAF V600E mutations. There are also two phenotypes of outcome, the one with a rather good outcome without HT damage and the other with HT damage where recurrent operation with additional cranial radiotherapy results in HT obesity (HO), affecting psychosocial life and cognitive dysfunction. The group with HO suffers from metabolic syndrome, lower basal metabolic rate, and leptin and insulin resistances. There is currently no successful treatment for HO. The group with HT damage suffers from cognitive dysfunction with attention deficits, impaired episodic memory, and processing speed. Diffusion tensor imaging has shown significant microstructural white matter alteration in several areas important for cognition. Recently, complete or partial tumor response was shown to targeted therapy, with BRAF and Mekinist inhibitors for PCPs with BRAF V600E mutation.

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“…SGLT2is prevent the reabsorption of glucose from the filtrate in the kidney, and are associated with glycaemic control, weight loss and cardiorenal protection for patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease 107,110 . Common side effects related to SGLT2 inhibition include genital infections (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin and ertugliflozin) and increased serum lipids (empagliflozin) 117‐120 .…”

Section: Clinical Efficacy and Safety Of Glp‐1rasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these trials, once-weekly use of GLP-1RAs provided additional reductions compared with sitagliptin in HbA1c (treatment differences: À0.38% to À1.06%) and body weight (À1.07 to À4.20 kg), with semaglutide (0.5 and 1.0 mg) associated with the greatest additional improvements in HbA1c (À0.77% and À1.06%) and body weight (À2.35 and À4.20 kg). 110 Meta-analyses have provided further evidence to suggest that GLP-1RAs provide greater reductions in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose concentrations and weight than DPP4is. 61,105,111 Given that GLP-1RAs and DPP4is act through the examples in Figure 1).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Key Second-line Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early type 2 diabetes treatment intensification with glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists in primary care: An Australian perspective on guidelines and the global evidence

Rasalam

Abdo

Deed

et al. 2023

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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Early and intensive management of type 2 diabetes has been shown to delay disease progression, reduce the risk of cardiorenal complications and prolong time to treatment failure. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are being increasingly recognized for their potential in early disease management, with recent guideline updates recommending second-line use of this injectable drug class alongside oral glucose-lowering drugs. GLP-1RAs target at least six of the eight core defects implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and offer significant glycaemic and weight-related improvements over other second-line agents in head-to-head

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Glycaemic and non‐glycaemic efficacy of once‐weekly GLP‐1 receptor agonists in people with type 2 diabetes

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri butio n-NonCo mmercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Cited by 11 publications

References 78 publications

Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review

Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review

Craniopharyngioma—An update on metabolic and cognitive complications and new therapy

Early type 2 diabetes treatment intensification with glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists in primary care: An Australian perspective on guidelines and the global evidence

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