Gluten related illnesses and severe mental disorders: a comprehensive review

Brietzke, Elisa; Cerqueira, Raphael O.; Mansur, Rodrigo B.; McIntyre, Roger S.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.009

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Furthermore, parental exposure to occupational asthmagens might also be associated with children autism-spectrum disorders ( 65 ). Previous studies have also reported the associations between other immune or inflammation-related diseases, such as periodontitis ( 66 ), gluten-related illnesses ( 67 ), amyotrophiclateral sclerosis ( 68 ), psoriasis ( 69 ), food or other allergies ( 70 ), and idiopathic environmental intolerance ( 71 ) and the risk of psychiatric disorders. Conversely, psychiatric disorders might also affect the immune systems ( 72 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Allergic Diseases: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Cohort Study

et al. 2018

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Background/objectiveAllergic diseases, such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and psychiatric disorders, are major health issues. There have been reports that allergic diseases were associated with depression or anxiety disorders. This study aimed to investigate the association between these allergic diseases and the risk of developing overall psychiatric disorders in patients from Taiwan.MethodsThis cohort study used the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. A total of 186,588 enrolled patients, with 46,647 study subjects who had suffered from allergic diseases, and 139,941 controls matched for sex and age, from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Dataset of 2000–2015, were selected from a sub-dataset of the National Health Insurance Research Database. Fine and Gray’s competing risk model analysis was used to explore the hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval, for the risk of allergic diseases being associated with the risk of developing psychiatric disorders during the 15 years of follow-up.ResultsOf the study subjects, 5,038 (10.8%) developed psychiatric disorders when compared to 9,376 (6.7%) in the control group, with significant difference (p < 0.001). Fine and Gray’s competing risk model analysis revealed that the adjusted HR was 1.659 (95% CI = 1.602–1.717, p < 0.001). In this study, we found that the groups of atopic dermatitis alone and the allergic rhinitis + atopic dermatitis were associated with a lower risk of psychiatric disorders, but all the other four groups, such as bronchial asthma alone, allergic rhinitis alone, bronchial asthma + allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma + atopic dermatitis, and the combination of all these three allergic diseases, were associated with a higher risk of psychiatric disorders.ConclusionAllergic diseases are therefore associated with a 1.66-fold increased hazard of psychiatric disorders in Taiwan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Allergic Diseases: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Cohort Study

et al. 2018

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“…A complex interaction between CD and such psychiatric disorders is proposed in the literature [10,12,15,16]. Theories are often split into specific and non-specific mechanisms [16].…”

Section: Interaction Between CD and Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychiatric disorders often reported in the literature include autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders and eating disorders [1,7,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. These psychiatric disorders are therefore the focus of this systematic review and meta-analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Manifestations of Coeliac Disease, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020

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Background: Coeliac disease (CD) is increasingly prevalent and is associated with both gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal manifestations. Psychiatric disorders are amongst extra-intestinal manifestations proposed. The relationship between CD and such psychiatric disorders is not well recognised or understood. Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide a greater understanding of the existing evidence and theories surrounding psychiatric manifestations of CD. Methodology: An online literature search using PubMed was conducted, the prevalence data for both CD and psychiatric disorders was extracted from eligible articles. Meta analyses on odds ratios were also performed. Results: A total of 37 articles were included in this review. A significant increase in risk was detected for autistic spectrum disorder (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.24–1.88, p < 0.0001), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.18–1.63, p < 0.0001), depression (OR 2.17, 95% CI 2.17–11.15, p < 0.0001), anxiety (OR 6.03, 95% CI 2.22–16.35, p < 0.0001), and eating disorders (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.37–1.91, p < 0.00001) amongst the CD population compared to healthy controls. No significant differences were found for bipolar disorder (OR 2.35, 95% CI 2.29–19.21, p = 0.43) or schizophrenia (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.02–10.18, p = 0.62). Conclusion: CD is associated with an increased risk of depression, anxiety, eating disorders as well as ASD and ADHD. More research is required to investigate specific biological explanations as well as any effect of gluten free diet.

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“…92 As evidências são apontadas como pobres por vários estudos, embora se saliente que o tema merece melhor avaliação. 17,[92][93][94] Diagnóstico O diagnóstico de SNCG/T ocorre, na maioria das vezes, a partir da suspeita do próprio paciente, sendo, porém, ainda difícil e desafiador, tanto pelo geral desconhecimento da classe médica a respeito desta entidade emergente, quanto pelas dificuldades inerentes ao próprio diagnóstico e aos seus diferenciais. 23,77,95 Dificulta o diagnóstico a ausência de marcadores eficientes, 95 de supressão-provocação, constatando-se melhora com uma dieta isenta de glúten/trigo e a recorrência de sintomas após a reintrodução dos alimentos suspeitos.…”

Section: Sensibilidade Não-celíaca Ao Glúten Ou Ao Trigo E Transtornounclassified

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2018

International Journal of Nutrology

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Palavras-chave► sensibilidade não celíaca ao glúten ► sensibilidade ao glúten ► sensibilidade ao trigo ► doenças relacionadas ao glúten ► dieta isenta de glúten ► glúten ► trigo ResumoEntre as reações adversas a alimentos, os distúrbios relacionados ao glúten vêm atualmente ganhando cada vez mais espaço nas publicações científicas e não científicas. Estes distúrbios são divididos em três entidades: doença celíaca (DC), alergia ao trigo (AT) e sensibilidade não-celíaca ao glúten ou ao trigo (SNCG/T), considerando que este cereal vem sendo associado mais frequentemente às manifestações, discutindo-se ainda se não seria o real componente alimentar desencadeante. A DC é uma enteropatia autoimune, enquanto a AT é uma reação de hipersensibilidade, mediada ou não mediada pela imunoglobulina E (IgE). A SNCG/T é uma entidade emergente, de fisiopatologia ainda discutida, que vários pesquisadores propõem como diagnóstico de exclusão em relação à AT e à DC. A SNCG/T vem despertando grande celeuma popular e polêmica nos meios médicos. A presente revisão tem por objetivo abordar a SNCG/T, procurando elencar elementos de distinção dos outros dois distúrbios retrocitados discutindo aspectos como características clínicas, diagnóstico diferencial, fisiopatologia e tratamento. Em muitos trabalhos, salienta-se a possibilidade de sobreposição ou de confusão diagnóstica com outras doenças funcionais gastrointestinais, como síndrome do intestino irritável (SII) e oligossacarídeos, dissacarídeos, monossacarídeos e polióis fermentáveis (FODMAPs, na sigla em inglês). Concluímos que a SNGG/T, embora constitua uma entidade clínica reconhecida por um número expressivo de pesquisadores, ainda é objeto de amplo questionamento quanto à sua caracterização, ao seu diagnóstico e à sua fisiopatologia. Isto posto, considerando sua elevada prevalência estimada e as repercussões populares, indubitavelmente trata-se de assunto digno de estudos mais aprofundados e bem conduzidos. Keywords► non-celiac gluten sensitivity ► sensitivity to gluten ► sensitivity to wheat ► gluten-related diseases ► gluten-free diet ► gluten ► wheat Abstract Among adverse food reactions, gluten-related disorders are now gaining more and more space in scientific and non-scientific publications. These disorders are divided into three entities: celiac disease (CD), wheat allergy (WA), and non-celiac sensitivity to gluten or wheat (NCGS), considering that this cereal is associated more frequently with the manifestations, and since it is also discussed whether or not this grain would be the real triggering food component. Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy, whereas WA is a hypersensitive reaction, mediated or not mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Non-celiac sensitivity to gluten or wheat is an emerging entity of pathophysiology still under discussion, which several researchers propose as a diagnosis of exclusion in relation to CD and WA, and it has aroused great popular excitement and controversy in medical circles. The present review aims to approach NCGS, seeking to di...

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Gluten related illnesses and severe mental disorders: a comprehensive review

Cited by 21 publications

References 76 publications

Increased Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Allergic Diseases: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Cohort Study

Increased Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Allergic Diseases: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Cohort Study

Psychiatric Manifestations of Coeliac Disease, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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