Glutathione Turnover Is Increased during the Acute Phase of Sepsis in Rats

Malmezat, T.; Breuillé, Denis; Capitan, Pierre; Mirand, Philippe Patureau; Obled, Christiane

doi:10.1093/jn/130.5.1239

Cited by 159 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Differences in ROM between contaminated and control sites [7] cannot be explained by direct effects of radiolysis because the observed differences are orders of magnitude larger than the rate of production of ROS by radiolysis. The functional replenishment rate of glutathione in a range of animal tissues under different dietary conditions ranges from 10 per cent to 100 per cent per day [15] highlighting how conservative our assumptions are. Furthermore, Schafer & Buettner [11] suggest that changes in redox potential that cause cell changes including, sequentially, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and necrosis need to be of order of 60 mV, whereas changes calculated here are less than 5 mV over a 1200 day period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low dose ionizing radiation produces too few reactive oxygen species to directly affect antioxidant concentrations in cells

2012

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It has been hypothesized that radiation-induced oxidative stress is the mechanism for a wide range of negative impacts on biota living in radioactively contaminated areas around Chernobyl. The present study tests this hypothesis mechanistically, for the first time, by modelling the impacts of radiolysis products within the cell resulting from radiations (low linear energy transfer b and g), and dose rates appropriate to current contamination types and densities in the Chernobyl exclusion zone and at Fukushima. At 417 mGy h 21 (illustrative of the most contaminated areas at Chernobyl), generation of radiolysis products did not significantly impact cellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species, or cellular redox potential. This study does not support the hypothesis that direct oxidizing stress is a mechanism for damage to organisms exposed to chronic radiation at dose rates typical of contaminated environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low dose ionizing radiation produces too few reactive oxygen species to directly affect antioxidant concentrations in cells

2012

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“…In addition, sepsis increases the activity of enzymes related to the metabolism of glutathione, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, GR, GP and glutathione transferase (GT) [47,48]. Tissues are able to increase glutathione levels through de no o synthesis in response to infection.…”

Section: Glutathione Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low glutathione levels are associated with higher mortality in experimental models of sepsis [49]. Glutathione is the main mechanism that protects the cell against oxidative damage [48].…”

Section: Glutathione Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sepsis, mitochondrial failure and multiple organ dysfunction

Dúran-Bedolla

Oca-Sandoval²,

Saldaña-Navor³

et al. 2014

CIM

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Purpose: e purpose of this review is to consider the state of oxidative stress, failure of the antioxidant systems and mitochondrial failure as the main physiopathological mechanisms leading to multiple organ dysfunction during sepsis.Principal ndings: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome caused by a severe infection that triggers an exaggerated in ammatory response. Involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis are the activation of in ammatory, immune, hormonal, metabolic and bioenergetic responses. One of the pivotal factors in these processes is the increase of reactive species accompanied by the failure of the antioxidant systems, leading to a state of irreversible oxidative stress and mitochondrial failure.In a physiological state, reactive species and antioxidant systems are in redox balance. e loss of this balance during both chronic and infectious diseases leads to a state of oxidative stress, which is considered to be the greatest promoter of a systemic in ammatory response.e loss of the redox balance, together with a systemic in ammatory response during sepsis, can lead to progressive and irreversible mitochondrial failure, energy depletion, hypoxia, septic shock, severe sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction and death of the patient. Conclusion:Knowledge of the molecular processes associated with the development of oxidative stress should facilitate the development of e ective therapies and better prognosis for patients with sepsis and organ dysfunction.

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“…A similar but not significant pattern of changes was observed in the other muscles. A decrease in glutathione concentration after food restriction has already been reported in rats (Cho et al, 1981) and was explained by a decreased availability of the substrates such as cysteine needed for glutathione synthesis (Malmezat et al, 2000). Methionine and its transmethylation and transsulfuration product, cysteine, are one of the most limiting amino acids in ruminant diets (Rulquin et al, 2001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Food restriction and refeeding in lambs influence muscle antioxidant status

Savary-Auzeloux

Durand

Gruffat

et al. 2008

Animal

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Compensatory growth, a frequent phenomenon observed in ruminants due to seasonal variation in food availability, affects protein metabolism including protein oxidation. These oxidation processes may have an impact on animal health as well as on meat protein degradation during post mortem aging (ie meat maturation). Sixteen male lambs were randomly divided into four groups. One group was fed ad libitum (C) and one group was food-restricted to 60% of the intake of the C group (R). The last two groups were restricted similarly to the R group and refed either ad libitum (RAL) or similarly to the C group (pair-feeding) (RPF). Muscles samples were taken immediately after slaughter. The present study showed that the restriction/refeeding pattern had no effect on protein oxidation in the muscles studied (longissimus dorsi (LD), semitendinosus (ST) and supraspinatus (SP)). However, total antioxidant capacity decreased after food restriction (251%, 243%, P , 0.01 for ST and LD muscles, respectively) and re-increased only after ad libitum refeeding. This alteration in the total antioxidant status can partially be explained by the similar pattern of change observed in the glutathione concentration of the muscles (225%, P , 0.05 for ST muscle and NS for the other muscles). However, none of the concentrations of other water-soluble antioxidants studied (carnosine, anserine, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) were altered during compensatory growth. This study showed that an inappropriate feeding level following a nutritional stress induced alterations in the total antioxidant status (particularly that of glutathione), which may have consequences on animal health. Other consequences of a decrease of the animal antioxidant status in vivo could be an alteration of the protein oxidation processes during meat maturation.Keywords: antioxidant status, compensatory growth, muscle, sheep IntroductionIn the muscle post mortem, some proteins are oxidized and this process has an impact on meat tenderization (Maltin et al., 2003). Increased proteases oxidation reduces the functional properties of these proteases and decreases their efficiency in the meat protein maturation process (Rowe et al., 2004a and2004b). Consequently, it can be hypothesized that some in vivo oxidation processes in the muscles may have an impact on the enzymes activities and protein structure both in vivo and post mortem (Stadtman and Levine, 2000). To counteract these oxidation processes, many reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers exist within the cells (Fang et al., 2002). Among these ROS, the watersoluble antioxidants (some antioxidant enzymes, peptides or vitamins soluble in water) are of major significance to counteract protein oxidation and carbonyl formation (Hipkiss et al., 1998 and.Among the various stress affecting ruminants, the seasonal variations in forage availability during extensive rearing affect protein metabolism with as a result, for example, compensatory growth (Hoch et al., 2003). The alteration of the growth pattern during com...

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Glutathione Turnover Is Increased during the Acute Phase of Sepsis in Rats

Cited by 159 publications

References 30 publications

Low dose ionizing radiation produces too few reactive oxygen species to directly affect antioxidant concentrations in cells

Low dose ionizing radiation produces too few reactive oxygen species to directly affect antioxidant concentrations in cells

Sepsis, mitochondrial failure and multiple organ dysfunction

Food restriction and refeeding in lambs influence muscle antioxidant status

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