Glutathione S transferase theta1 and mu1 gene polymorphisms and phenotypic expression of asthma in Egyptian children: a case–control study

Abstract

BackgroundAsthma is the result of a complex interaction between environmental factors and genetic variants that confer susceptibility. The glutathione S-transferases (GSTT1 and GSTM1) are phase II enzymes thought to protect the airways from oxidative stress. Few and contradictory data are available on the association between asthma development and GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms in different ethnic groups. The current study aimed to investigate whether these polymorphisms are associated with asthma development in the Egyptian population.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was performed on 94 asthmatic children 6 -12 yrs and 90 matched healthy controls. Candidates were subjected to clinical evaluation and measurement of absolute blood eosinophilic count, total serum IgE, and GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotype by multiplex PCR technique.ResultsThe results for GSTT1 null genotype were 87.2% and 97.2% for asthmatic children and controls respectively and showed to be significantly more in controls (P =0.007, OR:0.683, CI: 0.034 -0.715). The results for GSTM1 null genotype were 50% and 61.1% for asthmatic children and controls respectively and showed to be nonsignificant (p = 0.130, OR: 1.000, CI: 0.54- 1.86). Also, no association was detected between GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms and atopic conditions or asthma severity.ConclusionThe significant detection of GSTT1 null genotype more in controls than in asthmatics with no association with other atopic manifestations or asthma severity and the lack of association detected between GSTM1 polymorphism in relation to asthma, atopy or asthma severity confirm the uncertain role of those genes in the development of asthma.

Explorative genetic association study of GSTT2B copy number variant in complex disease risks

“…In many cases it has been suggested that the absence of these genes may represent a genetic risk factor for several complex diseases (Bhat et al, 2012;Schreiber et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014). However, some authors, unlike the authors of previous studies, have observed a lack of association with respect to other disorders (El Rifai et al, 2014;Salinas-Sanchez et al, 2012). Given the heterogeneity of the obtained results, several meta-analysis studies have been conducted, advancing the hypothesis that the results could be strongly affected by the high interaction between the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes and the environment (Langevin et al, 2010;Piacentini et al, 2013b).…”

Phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and childhood eczema, rhinitis and wheeze

“…Polymorphisms in the GST gene have been linked to significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia33–35 and separately also with allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis36–38 and asthma39–43 across several ethnic groups worldwide. The significance of such associations has been analyzed in several meta-analyses,44–46 with conflicting conclusions.…”

Variants in Genes Coding for Glutathione S-Transferases and Asthma Outcomes in Children

“…Among asthmatic children, there is evidence of interaction between GST genotype and SHS for reduced lung function [19], and between GST genotypes and ozone exposure for wheeze [20]. One study of 341 families found an association between a GST genotype and increased asthma severity score (Unpublished Data [8]) but this was not confirmed in two small case-control studies [21,22]. No study has linked GST genotypes to asthma attacks.…”