Glutathione-S-transferase profiles in the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis

Rajarapu, Swapna Priya; Mittapalli, Omprakash

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2013.02.010

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…In addition to their role in detoxification of exogenous compounds, GSTs play a role during development [ 81 ]. A peak in expression was found in the pre-pupal and pupal stages in Sigma GSTs in the insects Mayetiola destructor , Lucilia cuprina and Agrilus planipennis , presumably in response to an increase in metabolic activity and apoptosis associated with the morphological changes that occur during these periods [ 82 – 84 ]. Similarly, detoxification from byproducts produced during metamorphosis may explain high relative expression of Delta GSTs in the insects D .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification

et al. 2015

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Detoxification is a fundamental cellular stress defense mechanism, which allows an organism to survive or even thrive in the presence of environmental toxins and/or pollutants. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily is a set of enzymes involved in the detoxification process. This highly diverse protein superfamily is characterized by multiple gene duplications, with over 40 GST genes reported in some insects. However, less is known about the GST superfamily in marine organisms, including crustaceans. The availability of two de novo transcriptomes for the copepod, Calanus finmarchicus, provided an opportunity for an in depth study of the GST superfamily in a marine crustacean. The transcriptomes were searched for putative GST-encoding transcripts using known GST proteins from three arthropods as queries. The identified transcripts were then translated into proteins, analyzed for structural domains, and annotated using reciprocal BLAST analysis. Mining the two transcriptomes yielded a total of 41 predicted GST proteins belonging to the cytosolic, mitochondrial or microsomal classes. Phylogenetic analysis of the cytosolic GSTs validated their annotation into six different subclasses. The predicted proteins are likely to represent the products of distinct genes, suggesting that the diversity of GSTs in C. finmarchicus exceeds or rivals that described for insects. Analysis of relative gene expression in different developmental stages indicated low levels of GST expression in embryos, and relatively high expression in late copepodites and adult females for several cytosolic GSTs. A diverse diet and complex life history are factors that might be driving the multiplicity of GSTs in C. finmarchicus, as this copepod is commonly exposed to a variety of natural toxins. Hence, diversity in detoxification pathway proteins may well be key to their survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…melanogaster , A . planipennis and Nilaparvata lugens during the pupal stage [ 56 , 84 ]. Copepods, like insects, undergo a significant morphological rearrangement between the 6 th naupliar and 1 st copepodite stages [ 85 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification

et al. 2015

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“…Potential counter adaptations of EAB larvae to other host defenses include genes encoding detoxification enzymes such as cytochrome P450s and glutathione‐ S ‐transferases (Mittapalli et al ., ; Rajarapu et al ., ; Rajarapu & Mittapalli, ). For example, EAB larvae that fed on green ash accumulated higher numbers of midgut transcripts coding for digestive enzymes, amino acid transporters, cytochrome P450s, and glutathione‐ S ‐transferases than larvae that fed on Manchurian ash.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Ash Resistance To Emerald Ash Borermentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and gaps in understanding mechanisms of ash tree resistance to emerald ash borer, a model for wood‐boring insects that kill angiosperms

et al. 2015

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63I.64II.64III.65IV.71V.7275References75 Summary We review the literature on host resistance of ash to emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis), an invasive species that causes widespread mortality of ash. Manchurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica), which coevolved with EAB, is more resistant than evolutionarily naïve North American and European congeners. Manchurian ash was less preferred for adult feeding and oviposition than susceptible hosts, more resistant to larval feeding, had higher constitutive concentrations of bark lignans, coumarins, proline, tyramine and defensive proteins, and was characterized by faster oxidation of phenolics. Consistent with EAB being a secondary colonizer of coevolved hosts, drought stress decreased the resistance of Manchurian ash, but had no effect on constitutive bark phenolics, suggesting that they do not contribute to increased susceptibility in response to drought stress. The induced resistance of North American species to EAB in response to the exogenous application of methyl jasmonate was associated with increased bark concentrations of verbascoside, lignin and/or trypsin inhibitors, which decreased larval survival and/or growth in bioassays. This finding suggests that these inherently susceptible species possess latent defenses that are not induced naturally by larval colonization, perhaps because they fail to recognize larval cues or respond quickly enough. Finally, we propose future research directions that would address some critical knowledge gaps.

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De novo analysis of the Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) transcriptome and identification of putative glutathione S-transferase genes

et al. 2014

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Glutathione-S-transferase profiles in the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification

Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Gene Diversity in the Crustacean Calanus finmarchicus – Contributors to Cellular Detoxification

Progress and gaps in understanding mechanisms of ash tree resistance to emerald ash borer, a model for wood‐boring insects that kill angiosperms

De novo analysis of the Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) transcriptome and identification of putative glutathione S-transferase genes

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