Glutathione S-Transferase M1/T1 Polymorphisms and Schizophrenia Risk: A New Method for Quality Assessment and a Systematic Review

Abstract

Background GST genes were reported to be involved in susceptibility to mental disorder. The results between deletions of GST genes and schizophrenia were inconclusive and confusing. Therefore, we performed this updated meta-analysis to outline the association using a new method for quality assessment. Methods Sixteen reported studies were selected, and the overall OR and 95% CI were calculated and analyzed by Review Manager 5.4 and STATE 12. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) for case–control studies was rewritten to evaluate the quality of published studies, as there was no “Exposure” in these studies and other factors should be suggested to assess the quality. Results There was no significant association between deletions of GST genes and SZ risk ( p > 0.05 in Random model). We also failed to find a significant relation between null genotypes and SZ risk in East Asian population. Based on further analysis of PCR methods, GSTM1 null was weakly associated with SZ risk in 8 studies using multiplex PCR (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.00–1.37, p = 0.05), but GSTT1 null was a protective factor for SZ risk (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.56–0.94, p = 0.02). When stratified by rewritten NOS stars and deductions, GSTM1 null was significantly associated with SZ risk in 9 studies with high quality (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.08–1.43, p = 0.002), and in 10 studies with no deductions (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.05–1.38, p = 0.007). Conclusion GSTM1 null genotype may be a genetic risk factor for SZ in studies using multiplex PCR and high-quality studies. However, GSTT1 null might be a protective factor. Besides, we provided a new method for quality assessment and it was useful and should be promoted in further analysis.

Association between null Genotypes of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis

“…There are many association studies investigating the relationship between these genetic variations and susceptibility to many multifactorial diseases. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] It is well known that GST enzyme activity has protective effect against oxidative stress. 8, 9 Alteration of GST enzyme activity due to the above-mentioned gene deletion, reduces cellular detoxification capacity.…”