Glutamine Metabolism Contributes to Smooth Muscle-to-myofibroblast Transitions and Enriched Extracellular Matrix Production

Salamon, Anita; Serbulea, Vlad; Deaton, Rebecca A.; Owens, Gary K.

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.194

Cited by 1 publication

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“…In vitro studies have shown that VSMCs can be de‐differentiated to a myofibroblast‐like VSMC state by stimulating VSMCs with platelet‐derived growth factor and transforming growth factor‐β. 21 , 54 In vivo studies have suggested that myofibroblast‐like VSMCs are derived from a subset of tenascin C VSMCs recruited from the tunica media. 55 …”

Section: Vsmc Phenotypes Reported In Atherosclerotic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Switching of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerosis

Chen,

McVey,

Shen

et al. 2023

JAHA

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The medial layer of the arterial wall is composed mainly of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Under physiological conditions, VSMCs assume a contractile phenotype, and their primary function is to regulate vascular tone. In contrast with terminally differentiated cells, VSMCs possess phenotypic plasticity, capable of transitioning into other cellular phenotypes in response to changes in the vascular environment. Recent research has shown that VSMC phenotypic switching participates in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, where the various types of dedifferentiated VSMCs accumulate in the atherosclerotic lesion and participate in the associated vascular remodeling by secreting extracellular matrix proteins and proteases. This review article discusses the 9 VSMC phenotypes that have been reported in atherosclerotic lesions and classifies them into differentiated VSMCs, intermediately dedifferentiated VSMCs, and dedifferentiated VSMCs. It also provides an overview of several methodologies that have been developed for studying VSMC phenotypic switching and discusses their respective advantages and limitations.

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Section: Vsmc Phenotypes Reported In Atherosclerotic Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%