Glutamine-Enriched Total Parenteral Nutrition Preserves Respiratory Immunity and Improves Survival to aPseudomonasPneumonia

DeWitt, R. Chance; Wu, Yi; Renegar, Kathryn B.; Kudsk, Kenneth A.

doi:10.1006/jsre.1999.5592

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Tais circunstâncias incluem períodos de estresse e períodos de crescimento rápido dos tecidos, em que a síntese endógena pode não ser suficiente (Lobley et al, 2001). É considerado o principal substrato energé-tico para células de proliferação rápida, tais como enterócitos e linfócitos ativos (Dewitt, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Glutamina e nucleotídeos na dieta de frangos de corte criados no sistema alternativo

et al. 2011

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RESUMOObjetivou-se avaliar o efeito da suplementação com glutamina e nucleotídeos na dieta sobre o desempenho e morfologia da mucosa intestinal de frangos de corte criados no sistema alternativo. Foram utilizados 600 pintos de corte machos distribuídos em delineamento em blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 3x2 (três níveis de glutamina: 0,0; 0,5 e 1,0% e dois níveis de nucleotídeos purificados na dieta: 0,0 e 0,04%), totalizando 6 tratamentos, com 4 repetições de 25 aves cada. Foram obtidos os dados de desempenho (peso corporal, ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e mortalidade) aos 7, 21 e 42 dias de idade. Ao final do experimento foram abatidas 4 aves/tratamento para avaliação do peso de órgãos e da morfologia intestinal. A adição de 1% na dieta melhorou o ganho de peso, consumo de raçao e conversão alimentar na primeira semana de idade. Não sendo encontrados resultados positivos nos períodos de 21 e 42 dias de idade. A suplementação de glutamina e nucleotídeos em dietas de frangos de corte criados no sistema alternativo não influencia o desempenho e a morfologia intestinal, a inclusão de 1,0% de glutamina no período de 1 a 21 dias de idade, favorece o desempenho das aves. SUMMARYThe experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing glutamine and nucleotides on growth performance and development intestinal morphology in broiler chicks. In the trial, 600 male broiler chicks distributed in randomized blocks in a 3x2 factorial arrangement (consisting of a uniform basal diet supplemented with: 0.0, 0.5 or 1.0% glutamine, and 0.0 or 0.04% nucleotides), for a total of 6 treatments with 25 birds each. Means of performance (weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and mortality) were obtained 7, 21 and 42 days of age. At the end of the experiment 4 broilers per treatment were used to determine organs weight and development intestinal morphology. Glutamine supplementation (1%) improved the body weight, feed intake and feed conversion in the first week. Glutamine and nucleotides supplementation did not affect performance in broiler chicks in the period one to 21 and one to 42 days of age. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that feeding 1.0% glutamine improved growth performance of broiler birds at 21 days of age. INTRODUÇÃONo Brasil, como em outros países, temse observado crescente preocupação dos consumidores com a origem e qualidade dos produtos, exigindo alimentos saudáveis e ausência de resíduos. Com isso, as empre-

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Glutamina e nucleotídeos na dieta de frangos de corte criados no sistema alternativo

et al. 2011

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“…TPN reduced intestinal and respiratory IgA along with decreases in intestinal IL-4 and IL-10 compared with chow-fed animals. GLN significantly improves respiratory and intestinal IgA levels, significantly improved IL-4 compared with TPN animals, and maintained IL-10 levels midway between chow-fed and TPN animals [105,108,109,110]. Table 5 summarizes evidence about the role of GLN to the intestine and immune system [111,112,113,114,115,116,117].…”

Section: Glutamine-argininementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, GLN improves the survival of animals after visceral or gut ischemia-reperfusion but not to the degree that normal oral feeding does, whereas arginine (ARG) may deteriorate the function of the mucosal barrier and enhance permeability [106,107]. GLN-enriched TPN preserved both extraintestinal and intestinal IgA levels and had a normalizing effect on Th2-type IgA-stimulating cytokines [105,108,109,110]. TPN reduced intestinal and respiratory IgA along with decreases in intestinal IL-4 and IL-10 compared with chow-fed animals.…”

Section: Glutamine-argininementioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Nutrition and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Functionality

Anastasilakis¹,

Ioannidis

Gkiomisi

et al. 2013

Digestion

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The gastrointestinal tract has a major role in digestion and absorption of nutrients while playing a leading role in defense of the body. It forms a shield against the invasion of various microorganisms or their products (e.g. antigens, toxins) and therefore it is important to establish its integrity and functionality. That depends on the route of administration and the composition of the artificial nutrition. This study concentrates on the influences of different kinds of artificial nutrition in the functionality of the intestinal mucosal barriers. It seems that full macromolecular solutions of enteral nutrition ensure an adequate mucous immune response, while a lack of nutritional stimulus in the lumen leads rapidly to a dysfunction of gastric-associated lymphatic tissue and mucosal immune system. This dysfunction renders the patients susceptible to infections in distant organs, hospital pneumonia, and multiorgan failure of non-infectious etiology. In patients with indication of total parenteral nutrition administration, addition of bombesin or glutamine preserves mucosal immune response and may limit the adverse effects.

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“…Parenteral glutamine supplements decrease mortality in a mouse model of pneumonia with P. aeruginosa from 75% to 29% [140]. In diseases, like CF, where there is a hypermetabolic state, glutamine requirements may increase, such that glutamine may become a conditionally essential amino acid [141].…”

Section: Novel Antibacterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory medicines for children: current evidence, unlicensed use and research priorities

Smyth¹,

Barbato²,

Beydon³

et al. 2009

European Respiratory Journal

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This European Respiratory Society task force has reviewed the evidence for paediatric medicines in respiratory disease occurring in adults and children. We describe offlicence use, research priorities and ongoing studies.Off-licence and off-label prescribing in children is widespread and potentially harmful. Research areas in asthma include novel formulations and regimens, and individualised prescribing. In cystic fibrosis, future studies will focus on screened infants and robust outcome measures are needed. Other areas include new enzyme and antibiotic formulations and the basic defect. Research into pneumonia should include evaluation of new antibacterials and regimens, rapid diagnostic tests and, in pleural infection, antibiotic penetration, fibrinolytics and surveillance. In uncommon conditions, such as primary ciliary dyskinesia, congenital pulmonary abnormalities or neuromuscular disorders, drugs indicated for other conditions (e.g. dornase alfa) are commonly used and trials are needed. In neuromuscular disorders, the b-agonists may enhance muscle strength and are in need of evaluation. Studies of antibiotic prophylaxis, immunoglobulin and antifungal drugs are needed in immune deficiency.We hope that this summary of the evidence for respiratory medicines in children, highlighting gaps and research priorities, will be useful for the pharmaceutical industry, the paediatric committee of the European Medicines Agency, academic investigators and the lay public.

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Glutamine-Enriched Total Parenteral Nutrition Preserves Respiratory Immunity and Improves Survival to aPseudomonasPneumonia

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Glutamina e nucleotídeos na dieta de frangos de corte criados no sistema alternativo

Glutamina e nucleotídeos na dieta de frangos de corte criados no sistema alternativo

Artificial Nutrition and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Functionality

Respiratory medicines for children: current evidence, unlicensed use and research priorities

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