Glutamine-enriched intravenous feedings attenuate extracellular fluid expansion following a standard stress

Scheltinga, Marc R.; Young, L. S.; Benfell, Kathleen; Bye, Rancy L.; Ziegler, T.; Santos, Adão Felipe dos; Antin, Joseph H.; Schloerb, Paul R.; Wilmore, D. W.

doi:10.1016/0261-5614(91)90124-u

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In conditions where the plasma glutamine concentration is decreased, provision of glutamine could be advantageous for cells of the immune system. Several studies (8,32,35) have examined the effect of glutamine, as a part of total parenteral nutrition, on cells of the immune system. In humans, it was shown that glutamine-enriched intravenous feeding to patients with hematological malignancies in remission decreased the amount of positive microbial cultures and diminished the number of clinical infections (32).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several studies (8,32,35) have examined the effect of glutamine, as a part of total parenteral nutrition, on cells of the immune system. In humans, it was shown that glutamine-enriched intravenous feeding to patients with hematological malignancies in remission decreased the amount of positive microbial cultures and diminished the number of clinical infections (32). In septic rats, it was shown that glutamine supplemented total parenteral nutrition, partially prevented the decrease in lymphocyte blastogenesis, and increased the phagocytic index compared with standard parenteral nutrition (35).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of glutamine supplementation on exercise-induced changes in lymphocyte function

Krzywkowski¹,

Petersen²,

Ostrowski³

et al. 2001

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible role of glutamine in exercise-induced impairment of lymphocyte function. Ten male athletes participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study. Each athlete performed bicycle exercise for 2 h at 75% of maximum O(2) consumption on 2 separate days. Glutamine or placebo supplements were given orally during and up to 2 h postexercise. The trial induced postexercise neutrocytosis that lasted at least 2 h. The total lymphocyte count increased by the end of exercise due to increase of both CD3(+)TCR alpha beta(+) and CD3(+)TCR gamma delta(+) T cells as well as CD3(-)CD16(+)CD56(+) natural killer (NK) cells. Concentrations of CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells lacking CD28 and CD95 on their surface increased more than those of cells expressing these receptors. Within the CD4(+) cells, only CD45RA(-) memory cells, but not CD45RA(+) naive cells, increased in response to exercise. Most lymphocyte subpopulations decreased 2 h after exercise. Glutamine supplementation abolished the postexercise decline in plasma glutamine concentration but had no effect on lymphocyte trafficking, NK and lymphokine-activated killer cell activities, T cell proliferation, catecholamines, growth hormone, insulin, or glucose. Neutrocytosis was less pronounced in the glutamine-supplemented group, but it is unlikely that this finding is of any clinical significance. This study does not support the idea that glutamine plays a mechanistic role in exercise-induced immune changes.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glutamine supplementation on exercise-induced changes in lymphocyte function

Krzywkowski¹,

Petersen²,

Ostrowski³

et al. 2001

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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“…The small intestine accounts for the largest uptake of glutamine of any organ, absorbing this amino acid from the lumen of the gut as well as from the bloodstream. A number of studies have demonstrated the efficacy of either enteral or parenteral glutamine in adults and infants with a variety of conditions, such as bone marrow transplantation, critically ill, burn, trauma, surgery patients and VLBW infants [6,11,21,[24][25][26]. Griffiths et al [11] performed a trial in critically ill patients receiving either standard PN or PNsupplemented with alanylglutamine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The loss of body weight could be explained by numerous mechanisms including an expansion of extracellular volume without glutamine or the comparatively low parenteral energy supply chosen to avoid TPN side effect on the liver and a consequence of anesthesia and surgery [2,25]. The effect of glutamine on extracellular fluid retention had been investigated in several animal studies [2,12,16,25]. In a swine model of small bowel autotransplantation, the animals that received long-term (28 days) TPN with glycyl-glutamine or without glutamine had similar body weight gain, although the contents of protein and glutamine of muscle were higher in the glycyl-glutamine group [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition on nutrition and intestinal absorptive function in a rat model

Liu

et al. 2006

Ped Surgery Int

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of short-term (7 days) glycyl-glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on nutrition and intestinal absorptive function in a rat model. Thirty Wistar rats, weighting 140-180 g, were divided into three groups (n=10) randomly. The animals received isonitrogenous and isocaloric TPN solutions for 7 days. The nitrogen was supplied by glycyl-glutamine dipeptide-supplemented amino acid solution (group G), and two standard amino acid solutions (group V, group N), respectively. Body weight, plasma glutamine level, nitrogen balance, total tissue water and intestinal absorptive function, assessed by (15-N)-glycine absorption, were investigated. Body weight decreased in three groups at the end of TPN; there was no significant difference in relative body-weight changes. There was a significant improvement of cumulative nitrogen balance and nitrogen retention in group G compared to other groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in intestinal glycine absorption (P>0.05) among the three groups. Total tissue water of left thigh muscle was significantly higher in group V and group N than that in group G (P<0.05). The results indicated that short-term (7 days) TPN supplemented with glycyl-glutamine improved plasma glutamine level and nitrogen balance, decreased water content of muscle, but had no beneficial effect on absorptive function in a rat model.

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Glutamine-enriched intravenous feedings attenuate extracellular fluid expansion following a standard stress

Cited by 2 publications

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Effect of glutamine supplementation on exercise-induced changes in lymphocyte function

Effect of glutamine supplementation on exercise-induced changes in lymphocyte function

The effect of glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition on nutrition and intestinal absorptive function in a rat model

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