Glutamatergic Dysfunction in Skin-Picking Disorder

Percinel, Ipek; Yazıcı, Kemal Utku

doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000210

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“… -129 In pediatric trichotillomania patients, an RDBCT found no significant reduction in hair pulling compared to placebo130; in this trial, the authors suggested that the improvement was associated with psychoeducation about trichotillomania rather than drug treatment, since significant improvement in several measures of hair pulling was observed regardless of treatment time. A series of case reports showed that NAC is effective against excoriation disorder,127,131 -133 and an RDBCT concluded that NAC significantly reduced skin-picking symptoms 89. Berk et al found a reduced nail biting frequency in three patients enrolled in a bipolar disorder treatment protocol with NAC 134.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiolytic properties of compounds that counteract oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and glutamatergic dysfunction: a review

Santos

Herrmann

Elisabetsky

et al. 2019

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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Objective:Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and the efficacy of the available anxiolytic drugs is less than desired. Adverse effects also compromise patient quality of life and adherence to treatment. Accumulating evidence shows that the pathophysiology of anxiety and related disorders is multifactorial, involving oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and glutamatergic dysfunction. The aim of this review was to evaluate data from animal studies and clinical trials showing the anxiolytic effects of agents whose mechanisms of action target these multiple domains.Methods:The PubMed database was searched for multitarget agents that had been evaluated in animal models of anxiety, as well as randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials of anxiety and/or anxiety related disorders.Results:The main multitarget agents that have shown consistent anxiolytic effects in various animal models of anxiety, as well in clinical trials, are agomelatine, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and omega-3 fatty acids. Data from clinical trials are preliminary at best, but reveal good safety profiles and tolerance to adverse effects.Conclusion:Agomelatine, NAC and omega-3 fatty acids show beneficial effects in clinical conditions where mainstream treatments are ineffective. These three multitarget agents are considered promising candidates for innovative, effective, and better-tolerated anxiolytics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiolytic properties of compounds that counteract oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and glutamatergic dysfunction: a review

Santos

Herrmann

Elisabetsky

et al. 2019

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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“…It is therefore difficult to assess the effectiveness of HRT alone. In some contrasting outcomes, HRT has also been reported to be incapable of reducing skin picking [83,84]. Moreover, the association of skin picking with other comorbid psychiatric conditions should be taken into consideration, as this gives rise to further complexities in the treatment.…”

Section: Treatment Strategies 361 Behavioral Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, anti-epileptic drugs that increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity and suppress the release of excitatory glutamate are also known to be effective in certain cases. Reports have suggested that glutamate can affect activity in the key reward circuitry, which may decrease the craving to indulge in reward-seeking compulsive skin picking behavior [84,100,101]. Consequently, anti-epileptic drugs can exert a positive influence on controlling skin picking behavior.…”

Section: Pharmacological Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lithium carbonate is a mood stabilizer that acts by modulating glutamate receptors and has been shown to improve skin picking behavior as well as acne excoriee in an individual [102]. Other drugs that function on a similar basis include N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) [84,101] and Riluzole [100]. NAC is the only drug that has demonstrated the most promising results in treating SPD thus far.…”

Section: Alternative Pharmacological Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, in a 12-week randomized double-blind trial, administration of NAC resulted in improved profiles for 47% of the individuals, compared to 19% who were given a placebo [104]. Several other cases where NAC has been linked to the reduction or prevention of skin picking behavior have also been reported [84,101,[105][106][107]. Despite these promising results, NAC may often be poorly tolerated by individuals due to its mucolytic properties [108].…”

Section: Alternative Pharmacological Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermatillomania: Strategies for Developing Protective Biomaterials/Cloth

et al. 2021

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Dermatillomania or skin picking disorder (SPD) is a chronic, recurrent, and treatment resistant neuropsychiatric disorder with an underestimated prevalence that has a concerning negative impact on an individual’s health and quality of life. The current treatment strategies focus on behavioral and pharmacological therapies that are not very effective. Thus, the primary objective of this review is to provide an introduction to SPD and discuss its current treatment strategies as well as to propose biomaterial-based physical barrier strategies as a supporting or alternative treatment. To this end, searches were conducted within the PubMed database and Google Scholar, and the results obtained were organized and presented as per the following categories: prevalence, etiology, consequences, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies. Furthermore, special attention was provided to alternative treatment strategies and biomaterial-based physical treatment strategies. A total of six products with the potential to be applied as physical barrier strategies in supporting SPD treatment were shortlisted and discussed. The results indicated that SPD is a complex, underestimated, and underemphasized neuropsychiatric disorder that needs heightened attention, especially with regard to its treatment and care. Moreover, the high synergistic potential of biomaterials and nanosystems in this area remains to be explored. Certain strategies that are already being utilized for wound healing can also be further exploited, particularly as far as the prevention of infections is concerned.

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