Glutamate induces Cl − and K + currents in the olfactory interneurons of a terrestrial slug

Watanabe, Satoshi; Kawahara, Shigenori; Kirino, Yutaka

doi:10.1007/s003590050355

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Voltage clamp analysis using perforated patch recording showed that puff-applied glutamate opens potassium (K) channels in NB neurons, and quisqualate mimics this effect (Watanabe et al 1999). Glutamate also opens chloride (Cl) channels in B neurons, and ibotenate mimics this effect (Watanabe et al 1999).…”

Section: Neural Systems For Olfactory Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural and molecular mechanisms of microcognition inLimax

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various non-mammalian model systems are being explored in the search for mechanisms of learning and memory storage of sufficient generality to contribute to the understanding of mammalian learning mechanisms. The terrestrial mollusk Limax maximus is one such model system in which mammalian-quality learning has been documented using odors as conditioned stimuli. The Limax odor information-processing circuits incorporate several system design features also found in mammalian odor-processing circuits, such as the use of cellular and network oscillations for making odor computations and the use of nitric oxide to control network oscillations. Learning and memory formation has been localized to a particular central circuit, the procerebral lobe, in which selective gene activation occurs through odor learning. Since the isolated Limax brain can perform odor learning in vitro, the circuits and synapses causally linked to learning and memory formation are assessable for further detailed analysis.Although mollusks and mammals diverged from their common ancestor some 600 million years ago (Runnegar and Pojeta 1985), there is ample evidence for a commonality of solutions used to solve analogous problems between the two taxa. This is evident in several aspects of learning and memory mechanisms, including conserved genes (Nakaya et al.

show abstract

Section: Neural Systems For Olfactory Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural and molecular mechanisms of microcognition inLimax

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Irrespective of the cause, substantial evidence supports our hypothesis that Glu acts to stimulate NO synthesis. For example, (i) Glu and vGluT immunoreactivity are detected in both PC neuron types [23]; (ii) Glu acts as a negative regulator of NB cell firing via mechanisms involving an inhibitory K + channel, and through excitation of B cells via a Cl − coupled intracellular increase of Ca 2 + [44]; (iii) the dynamics of Glu release are synchronized and share similar physiological properties with the LFP oscillation [23].…”

Section: Glu Is a Potential Endogenous Inducer Of No Synthesis In The Pcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, it is hypothesized that both transmitters evoke an enhanced frequency of LFP oscillation through exciting the inhibitory activity of B cells on NB cells. The actions of Glu on B cells involved Glu receptor (GluR)-coupled excitatory Cl − fluxes [44], while Glu stimulated inhibitory K + channels on NB cells [11,13]. On the other hand, it is still not clear which type(s) of known GluR participate in transmitting Glu signals to PC neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide-coupled signaling in odor elicited molecular events in the olfactory center of the terrestrial snail, Helix pomatia

Serfözö

Nacsa

Veréb

et al. 2017

Cellular Signalling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Olfaction, a chemosensory modality, plays a pivotal role in the orientation and behavior of invertebrates. The central olfactory processing unit in terrestrial stylomatophoran snails is the procerebrum, which contains NO synthesizing interneurons, whose oscillatory currents are believed to be the base of odor evoked memory formation. Nevertheless, in this model the up-and downstream events of molecular cascades that trigger and follow NO release, respectively, have not been studied. Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry studies performed on procerebral neural perikarya isolated from the snail Helix pomatia revealed cell populations with discrete DAF-2 fluorescence, indicating the release of different amounts of NO. Glutamate increased the intensity of DAF-2 fluorescence, and the number of DAF-2 positive non-bursting interneurons, through a mechanism likely to involve an NMDA-like receptor. Similarly to glutamate, NO activation induced an increase in intracellular cGMP levels through activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase. Immunohistochemical localization of proteins possessing the phosphorylated target sequence of AGC family kinases (RXXS/T-P), among them protein kinase A (RRXS/T-P), showed striking similarities to the distribution of NOS/cGMP. Activators of cyclic nucleotide synthesis increased the AGC-kinase-dependent phosphorylation of discrete proteins with 28, 45, and 55 kDa mw. Importantly, exposure of snails to an attractive odorant induced hyperphosphorylation of the 28 kDa protein, and increased levels of cGMP synthesis. Protein S-nitrosylation and intercellular activation of protein kinase G were also suggested as Abbreviations: 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine or serotonin; ACh, acetylcholine; AGC-S-P, phosphorylated substrate of the AGC-family protein kinase; Akt, protein kinase B; AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid; APV, (2R)-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid; B cell, large bursting neuron in the procerebrum; β-NADP, β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; β-NADPH, β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′-phosphate; BSA, bovine serum albumin; cAMP, 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate;

show abstract

“…These bursting neurons are slightly larger than nonbursting neurons, which constitute the majority of neurons in the procerebrum (Watanabe et al, 1998). The nonbursting neurons are synaptically inhibited by the bursting neurons via glutamatergic inputs in Limax (Watanabe et al, 1999;). The potential oscillations arise from the summed synaptic currents in the nonbursting neurons triggered by inhibitory glutamatergic inputs from bursting neurons whereas the phase gradient along the longitudinal length of the procerebrum is caused by differences in the excitability of bursting neurons in the apical and basal regions (Watanabe et al, 2003).…”

Section: A Pair Of Procerebra Structure and Function Of Procerebramentioning

confidence: 99%

Two pairs of tentacles and a pair of procerebra: optimized functions and redundant structures in the sensory and central organs involved in olfactory learning of terrestrial pulmonates

Matsuo

Kobayashi

Yamagishi

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryTerrestrial pulmonates can learn olfactory-aversion tasks and retain them in their long-term memory. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory, researchers have focused on both the peripheral and central components of olfaction: two pairs of tentacles (the superior and inferior tentacles) and a pair of procerebra, respectively. Data from tentacleamputation experiments showed that either pair of tentacles is sufficient for olfactory learning. Results of procerebrum lesion experiments showed that the procerebra are necessary for olfactory learning but that either one of the two procerebra, rather than both, is used for each olfactory learning event. Together, these data suggest that there is a redundancy in the structures of terrestrial pulmonates necessary for olfactory learning. In our commentary we exemplify and discuss functional optimization and structural redundancy in the sensory and central organs involved in olfactory learning and memory in terrestrial pulmonates.

show abstract

Glutamate induces Cl − and K + currents in the olfactory interneurons of a terrestrial slug

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

Neural and molecular mechanisms of microcognition inLimax

Neural and molecular mechanisms of microcognition inLimax

Nitric oxide-coupled signaling in odor elicited molecular events in the olfactory center of the terrestrial snail, Helix pomatia

Two pairs of tentacles and a pair of procerebra: optimized functions and redundant structures in the sensory and central organs involved in olfactory learning of terrestrial pulmonates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About