Glufosinate ammonium—Some aspects of its mode of action in mammals

Hack, R.; Ebert, Eugen; Ehling, G.; Leist, Karl-Heinz

doi:10.1016/0278-6915(94)90043-4

Cited by 73 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…GA inhibits the enzyme glutamine synthetase and thus impairs ammonia metabolism, causing ammonia poisoning in plants (Hoerlein, 1994). Mammals appear less dependent on this pathway as effects on amino acid metabolism and toxicity were seen only at very high doses in adult animals (Hack et al, 1994). Glutamine synthetase knock-out mice die on embryonic day 3.5 before reaching the blastocyst stage (He et al, 2007), similar to glufosinate exposed animals (Fabian et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Classification of reproductive toxicants with diverse mechanisms in the embryonic stem cell test

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The embryonic stem cell test (EST) is a promising system to detect embryotoxicity in vitro. Recent studies have pointed out some limitations of the EST and suggest that the applicability domain of the EST and its prediction model have to be better defined. Here, eight substances of known reproductive toxicity were tested in the EST under blind conditions. We applied the prediction model to the data of the EST after classifying the substances according to the published criteria. In addition, a simplified classification of the EST results into two classes as an approach to hazard assessment was compared to the European Union Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) Regulation labels of the substances. With one exception, substances that are labeled as reproductive toxicants according to the CLP Regulation were detected as embryotoxic in the EST while substances without label were found to be non-embryotoxic according to the EST.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Classification of reproductive toxicants with diverse mechanisms in the embryonic stem cell test

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Glufosinate ammonium, a broad-spectrum herbicide, causes generalized seizures characterized by tonic-clonic convulsions in rodents and humans (Hack et al, 1994). This poisoning is characterized by various neurological symptoms such as disturbances of consciousness and convulsions, which occur after an asymptomatic interval of several hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities of 7-Nitroindazole and 1-(2-(Trifluoromethylphenyl)-imidazole Independent of Neuronal Nitric-Oxide Synthase Inhibition

Matsumura¹,

Kikuchi-Utsumi²,

Nakaki³

2008

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

7-Nitroindazole (NI) is a widely used inhibitor of neuronal nitricoxide synthase (nNOS) used to study the role of the neuronal NO pathway in the nervous system. 7-NI prevents convulsions, including 2-amino-4-methylphosphinobutyric acid (glufosinate)-induced convulsions, in experimental models. Herein, we examined nNOS involvement in glufosinate-induced convulsions and the specificity of 7-NI for nNOS. Another nNOS inhibitor, 1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]imidazole (TRIM), inhibited NOS activity in vivo, and it prevented glufosinate-induced convulsions. In contrast, an endothelial NOS inhibitor, N 5 -(1-iminoethyl)-Lornithine, inhibited NOS activity in vivo, but it did not prevent the convulsions. These results suggest the involvement of nNOS in glufosinate-induced convulsions. However, a nonspecific NOS inhibitor, N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, inhibited NOS activity in vivo, but it failed to prevent glufosinate-induced convulsions. 6-NI and indazole, which did not inhibit NOS activity in vivo, suppressed glufosinate-induced convulsions. Moreover, glufosinate elicited convulsions in nNOS-deficient mice. These results suggest the anticonvulsant effects of 7-NI and TRIM on glufosinate-induced convulsions do not involve nNOS inhibition, instead possibly being related to an undefined property of nitrogen-containing chemical structures.

show abstract

“…Thus GS is only of minor importance for ammonia fixation in mammals. In this context, Hack et al (1994) found that inhibition of glutamine synthetase by glufosinate did not essentially affect the level of ammonia, glutamate and other amino acids. Since the toxicological data indicated no genotoxic, carcinogenic or teratogenic potential, an acceptable daily intake (ADI) value of 0.02 mg/kg body weight/day was accepted for glufosinate (WHO, 1992).…”

Section: Sugar Beetmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of WideStrike Cotton Response to Repeated Applications of Glufosinate at Various Application Timings

Barnett

Culpepper²,

York

et al. 2015

Weed technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds are most challenging for growers to control in cotton in the midsouth region of the United States. As a result, growers in these states are transitioning from a glyphosate-based system to a glufosinate-based system. A field study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee to determine the effect of repeated glufosinate applications to WideStrike cotton applied at various application timings. One to three glufosinate applications at 594 g ai ha−1were applied to cotton at the two-leaf, seven-leaf, bloom, or 2 wk after bloom stages. Visual estimates of crop injury were evaluated after each application, in addition to crop height, development, and yield. Crop injury after each glufosinate application typically ranged from 3 to 11%, with higher injury observed where multiple glufosinate applications were made. Crop height differences were noted after the bloom and 2 wk after bloom applications. Treatments that had one, two, or three glufosinate applications had reduced crop height when compared with the weed-free control. Node above cracked boll ratings also indicated that glufosinate treatments may have stressed the cotton. Ultimately, yield was reduced where three glufosinate treatments were applied to WideStrike cotton. In addition, one glufosinate application at the bloom stage or two glufosinate applications at the bloom and 2 wk after bloom stages reduced yield when compared with the weed-free control. Although it is a legal application, growers should use caution when applying glufosinate to WideStrike cotton because the manufacturer of glufosinate and the manufacturer of WideStrike cotton do not recommend this application. However, where GR Palmer amaranth is present, these applications may be necessary.

show abstract

Glufosinate ammonium—Some aspects of its mode of action in mammals

Cited by 73 publications

References 16 publications

Classification of reproductive toxicants with diverse mechanisms in the embryonic stem cell test

Classification of reproductive toxicants with diverse mechanisms in the embryonic stem cell test

Activities of 7-Nitroindazole and 1-(2-(Trifluoromethylphenyl)-imidazole Independent of Neuronal Nitric-Oxide Synthase Inhibition

Evaluation of WideStrike Cotton Response to Repeated Applications of Glufosinate at Various Application Timings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About