Glucosinolates, Myrosinase Hydrolysis Products, and Flavonols Found in Rocket (Eruca sativa and Diplotaxis tenuifolia)

Abstract

Rocket species have been shown to have very high concentrations of glucosinolates and flavonols, which have numerous positive health benefits with regular consumption. This review highlights how breeders and processors of rocket species can utilize genomic and phytochemical research to improve varieties and enhance the nutritive benefits to consumers. Plant breeders are increasingly looking to new technologies such as HPLC, UPLC, LC-MS, and GC-MS to screen populations for their phytochemical content to inform plant selections. This paper collates the research that has been conducted to date in rocket and summarizes all glucosinolate and flavonol compounds identified in the species. The paper emphasizes the importance of the broad screening of populations for phytochemicals and myrosinase degradation products, as well as unique traits that may be found in underutilized gene bank resources. This review also stresses that collaboration with industrial partners is becoming essential for long-term plant breeding goals through research.

Fundamental Differences between Perennial Wall Rocket and Annual Garden Rocket Influence the Commercial Year-Round Supply of These Crops

“…Perennial wall rocket and annual garden rocket differ in their morphology, chromosomal number, and the diversity of glucosinolates (Bell & Wagstaff, 2014;Hall et al, 2012a). These factors in combination with their perennial and annual nature and different pathways for carbon fixation, influence their response to abiotic factors during different growth phases of the commercial life cycle.…”

“…It is also known that the diversity of glucosinolates in the leaves are different between rocket species (Bell & Wagstaff, 2014;Hall et al, 2015a); indicating that selection techniques have not produced cultivars of these species with similar glucosinolate profiles. The chromosomal number between rocket species remains different; with perennial wall rocket having 13 and annual garden rocket 11 (Gómez-Campo, 1995;Sánchez-Yélamo, 2009).…”

“…Baby leaf rocket has become a popular crop in recent years due to its taste and appearance in mesclun-type salads (Bell & Wagstaff, 2014). These crops are used globally as a salad vegetable and condiment.…”

Screening Effects of Methanol Extracts of The Diplotaxis tenuifolia and Reseda lutea on The Enzymatic Antioxidant Defense Systems and Aldose Reductase Activity

“…It was originally found as a crop in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries and became popular largely due its pungent aromas and tastes. 8 In Turkish folk medicine, D. tenuifolia is known as "Yabani Roka" and wildly distributed in North and West parts of Turkey.…”

Principal differences between perennial wall rocket (diplotaxis tenuifolia (l.) dc.) and annual garden rocket (eruca sativa mill.)in cultivation in production conditions. Overview

“…С еянцы капустных листовых культур (Babyleaves) стали популярными в последние годы благодаря пикантному вкусу и внешнему виду в резаных салатных смесях-миксах типа mesclun. Их используют во всем мире в качестве овощного салата и приправы [4,5,7].…”