Glucosinolates and metabolism

Castro-Torres, Ibrahim Guillermo; Castro-Torres, Víctor Alberto; Hernández-Lozano, Minerva; Naranjo‐Rodríguez, Elia Brosla; Domínguez-Ortíz, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816493-8.00004-4

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…A large number of studies stated that the human gut microbiota can metabolise GLS with the production of bioactive compounds [ 9 , 13 , 14 ]. Several studies showed evidence of myrosinase-like activity and glucoraphanine hydrolysis—both in vitro and in vivo—to bioactive sulforaphane (SFN) by specific microbial strains, such as caecal microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Metabolism of Glucosinolates by Gut Microbiota

Sikorska-Zimny

Beneduce

2021

Nutrients

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Glucosinolates (GLS) and their derivatives are secondary plant metabolites abundant in Brassicaceae. Due to the enzymatic reaction between GLS and myrosinase enzyme, characteristic compounds with a pungent taste are formed, used by plants to defend themselves against insect herbivores. These GLS derivatives have an important impact on human health, including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effects. However, GLS derivatives’ formation needs previous enzymatic reactions catalyzed by myrosinase enzyme. Many of the brassica-based foods are processed at a high temperature that inactivates enzymes, hindering its bioavailability. In the last decade, several studies showed that the human gut microbiome can provide myrosinase activity that potentially can raise the beneficial effects of consumption of vegetables rich in GLS. The variability of the human gut microbiome (HGM) in human populations and the diverse intake of GLS through the diet may lead to greater variability of the real dose of pro-healthy compounds absorbed by the human body. The exploitation of the genetic and biochemical potential of HGM and correct ecological studies of both isolated strains and mixed population are of great interest. This review focuses on the most recent advances in this field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Metabolism of Glucosinolates by Gut Microbiota

Sikorska-Zimny

Beneduce

2021

Nutrients

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“…The importance of these vegetables comes from their high content of antioxidant components (vitamin C and phenolic compounds) and other specific health promoting compounds of the Brassicaceae family (GLS) [7]. In particular, protection against degenerative diseases Foods 2021, 10, 2720 2 of 20 from GLS and their enzymatic degradation products has been studied for decades and has been extensively reviewed [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Glucosinolates in the Nutraceutical Potential of Selected Cultivars of Brassica rapa

Merinas-Amo

Lozano-Baena

Obregón-Cano

et al. 2021

Foods

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Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa (turnip greens), a traditionally consumed vegetable, is well-known due to its high content of glucosinolates, which are secondary metabolites with a positive biological activity for human health. Our hypothesis has been based on the relation between B. rapa glucosinolate content and its healthy properties, and our aim is to establish guidelines for safe B. rapa vegetable consumption. Three B. rapa cultivars (143N5, 143N7 and 163N7) have been characterized by HPLC analysis of purified extracts from leaf samples in order to determine their glucosinolate content and to relate this content to beneficial effects on DNA protection, lifespan extension and chemoprevention. In order to ascertain the heath properties in vitro and in vivo, toxicity activities were assayed in the Drosophila melanogaster and leukaemia cell models; genomic safety was also assessed in both models using genotoxicity, fragmentation and comet assay. The Drosophila model has also been used to study the antioxidative activity and the longevity induction. Our results showed a relationship between B. rapa glucosinolate content and its safety and benefices in its consumption. Gluconapin, the main B. rapa glucosinolate, was directly related with these wholesome effects. The relevant conclusion in the present research is focused on B. rapa cultivar 163N7 due to its high gluconapin content and low progoitrin content, which exert anti-cancer and DNA protection properties and could be recommended as being safe and healthy for human consumption.

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“…The rest of the molecule is known as an aglycone and constitutes the side chain (“R-group”), which has a highly variable structure, depending on the precursor amino acid [ 91 ]. Glucosinolates are hydrolysed by a plant enzyme named myrosinase (EC: 3.2.1.147), which hydrolyses the thioglycoside bond to yield metabolites, such as isothiocyanates, thiocyanates, nitriles, epithionitriles, and oxazolidine-2-thione, whose production depends on the content, the kind of the glucosinolate, and the environmental conditions [ 92 ]. The contents and compositions of glucosinolates vary depending on several factors, such as genotypic variability, development stage at harvest, environmental and seasonal variations, agricultural practices (irrigation, fertilisation, and elicitation) and other postharvest factors (storage, processing, and packaging) [ 93 ].…”

Section: Main By-product Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Dietary Fibre and Bioactive Compounds in Plant By-Products: Impact on Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability

2023

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In Europe, around 31 million tonnes of food by-products are generated during primary production and trade. The management of these by-products may cause a negative impact, both at the economic and environmental levels, for both industry and society. In this regard, taking into consideration that these by-products retain the dietary fibre compositions and the bioactive compounds of the starting materials, plant food agro-industries have an interest in taking advantage of them, from a nutritional point of view. Therefore, this review evaluates the role of dietary fibre and bioactive compounds in these by-products as well as the potential interactions of both components and their implications for health, since the bioactive compounds associated with fibre may reach the colon, where they can be metabolised into postbiotic compounds, providing important health benefits (prebiotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc.). Consequently, this aspect, on which there are few studies, is very relevant and must be considered in the revaluation of by-products to obtain new ingredients for food processing with improved nutritional and technological properties.

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Glucosinolates and metabolism

Cited by 8 publications

References 119 publications

The Metabolism of Glucosinolates by Gut Microbiota

The Metabolism of Glucosinolates by Gut Microbiota

Role of Glucosinolates in the Nutraceutical Potential of Selected Cultivars of Brassica rapa

Interaction between Dietary Fibre and Bioactive Compounds in Plant By-Products: Impact on Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability

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