Glucosinolate composition of seeds from 297 species of wild plants

Daxenbichler, M. E.; Spencer, Gayland F.; Carlson, Diana G.; Rose, Gertrude B.; Brinker, Anita; Powell, Richard G.

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(91)85112-d

Cited by 320 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The length of the branches linking AOP2 and AOP3 suggests that the duplication occurred long before the separation of A. lyrata from A. thaliana (Figure 7). This finding agrees with previous data showing that GS-ALK/GS-OHP variation occurs in the distantly related Arabidopsis and in the genera Thlaspi and Malcolmia (Daxenbichler et al, 1991). The identification of this gene duplication that apparently led to two different enzymatic reactions using the same precursor will allow us to study the biochemical and structural mechanisms leading to these different reactions.…”

Section: Role Of Gene Duplication In the Evolution Of Aop2 And Aop3supporting

confidence: 91%

“…In addition, the AOP1.1/AOP1.2 duplication is younger than the speciation event between Arabidopsis thaliana and A. lyrata (Figure 7). Thus, this duplication is much too young to explain the presence of GS-ALK/GS-OHP variation in Arabidopsis and the genera Thlaspi and Malcolmia, also in the family Brassicaceae (Daxenbichler et al, 1991). Consequently, AOP1 probably plays no role in GS-AOP variation.…”

Section: Analysis Of Aop Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, species within the genera Thlaspi and Malcolmia, both within the Brassicaceae, vary for the presence of the two reactions (Daxenbichler et al, 1991). Thus, the variation for the two different classes of glucosinolate is found in species that diverged more than 10 million years ago (Koch et al, 1999).…”

Section: Gs-aop Variation and Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene Duplication in the Diversification of Secondary Metabolism: Tandem 2-Oxoglutarate–Dependent Dioxygenases Control Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

et al. 2001

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Secondary metabolites are a diverse set of plant compounds believed to have numerous functions in plant-environment interactions. The large chemical diversity of secondary metabolites undoubtedly arises from an equally diverse set of enzymes responsible for their biosynthesis. However, little is known about the evolution of enzymes involved in secondary metabolism. We are studying the biosynthesis of glucosinolates, a large group of secondary metabolites, in Arabidopsis to investigate the evolution of enzymes involved in secondary metabolism. Arabidopsis contains natural variations in the presence of methylsulfinylalkyl, alkenyl, and hydroxyalkyl glucosinolates. In this article, we report the identification of genes encoding two 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that are responsible for this variation. These genes, AOP2 and AOP3 , which map to the same position on chromosome IV, result from an apparent gene duplication and control the conversion of methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolate to either the alkenyl or the hydroxyalkyl form. By heterologous expression in Escherichia and the correlation of gene expression patterns to the glucosinolate phenotype, we show that AOP2 catalyzes the conversion of methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolates to alkenyl glucosinolates. Conversely, AOP3 directs the formation of hydroxyalkyl glucosinolates from methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolates. No ecotype coexpressed both genes. Furthermore, the absence of functional AOP2 and AOP3 leads to the accumulation of the precursor methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolates. A third member of this gene family, AOP1 , is present in at least two forms and found in all ecotypes examined. However, its catalytic role is still uncertain.

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Section: Role Of Gene Duplication In the Evolution Of Aop2 And Aop3supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Analysis Of Aop Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene Duplication in the Diversification of Secondary Metabolism: Tandem 2-Oxoglutarate–Dependent Dioxygenases Control Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

et al. 2001

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“…Some of the compounds that have been isolated from moringa seeds are 4-(a-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy) benzyl glucosinolate (3%), 4-(4 0 -O-acetyl-a-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy) benzyl isothiocyanate, 4-(a-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy) benzyl isothiocyanate (10%), niazimicin, and pterygospermin (Daxenbichler, 1991;Fahey et al, 2001;Bennett et al, 2003;Mekonnen and Drä ger, 2003). These compounds are known to have anticancer, antibacterial and hypotensive activities.…”

Section: Plants Containing Multibioactive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems

Makkar

Francis

Becker

2007

Animal

370

214

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Livestock and aquaculture production is under political and social pressure, especially in the European Union (EU), to decrease pollution and environmental damage arising due to animal agriculture. The EU has banned the use of antibiotics and other chemicals, which have been shown to be effective in promoting growth and reducing environment pollutants because of the risk caused to humans by chemical residues in food and by antibiotic resistance being passed on to human pathogens. As a result of this, scientists have intensified efforts in exploiting plants, plant extracts or natural plant compounds as potential natural alternatives for enhancing the livestock productivity. This paper discusses work on the effects of various phytochemicals and plant secondary metabolites in ruminant and fish species. The focus is on (i) plants such as Ananas comosus (pine apple), Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) and Azadirachta indica (neem) containing anthelmintic compounds and for their use for controlling internal parasites; (ii) plants containing polyphenols and their applications for protecting proteins from degradation in the rumen, increasing efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in rumen and decreasing methane emission; for using as antioxidants, antibacterial and antihelmintic agents; and for changing meat colour and for increasing n-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in meat; (iii) saponin-rich plants such as quillaja, yucca and Sapindus saponaria for increasing the efficiency of rumen fermentation, decreasing methane emission and enhancing growth; for producing desired nutritional attributes such as lowering of cholesterol in monogastric animals; for increasing growth of fish (common carp and Nile tilapia) and for changing male to female ratio in tilapia; and for use as molluscicidal agents; (iv) Moringa oleifera leaves as a source of plant growth factor(s), antioxidants, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and various glucosinolates and their degraded products for possible use as antibacterial, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and antipest agents; (v) Jatropha curcas toxic variety with high levels of various phytochemicals such as trypsin inhibitor, lectin, phytate and phorbol esters in seeds limiting the use of seed meal in fish and livestock diets; and the use of phorbol esters as bio-pesticidal agent; and (vi) lesser-known legumes such as Entada phaseoloides seeds containing high levels of trypsin inhibitor and saponins, Sesbania aculeate seeds rich in non-starch polysaccharides and Mucuna pruriens var. utilis seeds rich in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and their potential as fish feed; Cassia fistula seeds as a source of antioxidants; and the use of Canavalia ensiformis, C. gladiata and C. virosa seeds containing high levels of trypsin inhinitor, lectins and canavanine. The paper also presents some challenges and future areas of work in this field.

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“…This order consists of more than a dozen families, including the Brassicaceae and the Capparaceae (Rodman 1991a, b;Rodman et al 1996). More than 130 different glucosinolates have been characterized; however glucosinolate composition varies remarkably between and within species (Daxenbichler et al 1991;Fahey et al 2001;Kliebenstein et al 2001a;Windsor et al 2005;Heidel et al 2006). In Arabidopsis thaliana, nearly 40 different glucosinolates have been identified (Kliebenstein et al 2001a;Reichelt et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylthioalkylmalate synthases: genetics, ecology and evolution

2008

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Glucosinolates display an enormous amount of structural variation, both within and between species. This diversity is thought to have evolved in response to challenges imposed on plants by their biotic environment. During the past decade, glucosinolates and myrosinase-catalyzed glucosinolate hydrolysis have become excellent examples for understanding functional diversification in plant secondary metabolism and plant defence. Methylthioalkylmalate (MAM) synthase genes and enzymes are central to the diversification of aliphatic glucosinolate structures in Arabidopsis thaliana and related plants. This review summarizes efforts to elucidate how MAM-mediated diversity in aliphatic glucosinolate structures is generated and maintained. It also attempts to put variability in methionine carbon chain elongation during glucosinolate biosynthesis into an ecological and evolutionary context.

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Glucosinolate composition of seeds from 297 species of wild plants

Cited by 320 publications

References 46 publications

Gene Duplication in the Diversification of Secondary Metabolism: Tandem 2-Oxoglutarate–Dependent Dioxygenases Control Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Gene Duplication in the Diversification of Secondary Metabolism: Tandem 2-Oxoglutarate–Dependent Dioxygenases Control Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Bioactivity of phytochemicals in some lesser-known plants and their effects and potential applications in livestock and aquaculture production systems

Methylthioalkylmalate synthases: genetics, ecology and evolution

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