Glucose Use in Fasted Rats Under Sevoflurane Anesthesia and Propofol Anesthesia

Abstract

Sevoflurane anesthesia attenuates glucose-induced insulin secretion without affecting basic insulin secretion, while propofol anesthesia enhances insulin secretion. Propofol anesthesia exaggerates insulin-resistive conditions, whereas sevoflurane anesthesia dose not impair insulin sensitivity; there may be a possible association of TNF-α with insulin-resistive conditions under propofol anesthesia.

Comparison of mechanisms underlying changes in glucose utilization in fasted rats anesthetized with propofol or sevoflurane: Hyperinsulinemia is exaggerated by propofol with concomitant insulin resistance induced by an acute lipid load

“…Changes in blood glucose levels during insulin tolerance tests in groups S-ITT, SL-ITT, and P-ITT adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels in β-islet cells (2)(3)(4)(5). We previously found that propofol anesthesia enhances insulin secretion in rats (6,7). Groups SL-IVGTT and P-IVGTT showed significantly higher plasma insulin levels during IVGTT than group S-IVGTT.…”

“…The administered doses of sevoflurane and propofol for maintenance of anesthesia were selected based on our previous protocols (1,6,7). Twenty-one rats were assigned to groups S-IVGTT, SL-IVGTT, and P-IVGTT (n = 7 in each group; Figure 1).…”

“…Plasma insulin levels and insulin sensitivity regulate glucose utilization. Our recent findings suggested that insulin sensitivity is significantly impaired by propofol anesthesia compared with sevoflurane anesthesia (7). Due to the hydrophobic properties of propofol, a lipid formulation is generally used for anesthesia, and this imposes an acute lipid load.…”

“…Volatile anesthetics, such as sevoflurane, activate adenosine triphosphatesensitive potassium channels in β-islet cells, resulting in attenuated insulin secretion (2)(3)(4)(5). Although the precise mechanisms have not been elucidated, insulin secretion is significantly enhanced in rats under propofol anesthesia (6,7). Plasma insulin levels and insulin sensitivity regulate glucose utilization.…”

METABOLIC PHENOTYPING GUIDELINES: Assessing glucose homeostasis in rodent models

“…Some anaesthetics lower heart rate and blood flow, which may influence nutrient homeostasis. Whilst, several anaesthetic regimens such as pentobarbital and fentanyl-ketamine-midazolam have been shown to have little effect on either blood glucose or insulin release (Guarino et al 2013, Zuurbier et al 2014, other anaesthetics can cause insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia in both mice and rats (Pomplun et al 2004, Brown et al 2005, Tanaka et al 2009, Guarino et al 2013, Sato et al 2013, which could potentially confound interpretation of experimental data generated using anaesthetised animals. For example isofluorane anaesthesia results in significantly suppressed plasma insulin levels, whilst ketamine-medetomidine-atropine anaesthesia results in almost complete suppression of insulin release and hyperglycaemia (Zuurbier et al 2014).…”