Glucose Transport by the Intestinal Mucosa of the Dogfish.

Carlisky, N.J.; Huang, K. C.

doi:10.3181/00379727-109-27219

Cited by 11 publications

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“…Echeneibothrium sp. and Acanthobothrium quadripartitum, 2 parasites known to infect L. naevus (Williams, 1968c;McVicar, 1972McVicar, , 1977McVicar, , 1979) possess a high affinity to glucose (McVicar, 1979) and, since most glucose is absorbed in the anterior parts of the spiral valve in several elasmobranch species (Read, 1957;Laurie, 1961;Carlisky and Huang, 1962), this observed pattern of parasite distribution should not be surprising. Echeneibothrium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Echeneibothrium spp. exhibit some sort of countertransport mechanism for maltose (McVicar, 1979), a disaccharide absorbed further down the length of the spiral valve (Read, 1957;Laurie, 1961;Carlisky and Huang, 1962), and this would explain the absence of species of that genus from the posterior regions of the spiral valve. Since Pseudanthobothrium is closely related to Echeneibothrium (Caira et al, 1999(Caira et al, , 2001, it is likely that they share similar nutrient requirements, and this would explain the presence of P. hanseni and P. purtoni in the anterior whorls of the spiral valve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of Host Specificity and Comments on Attachment Site Specificity of Tetraphyllidean Cestodes Infecting Rajid Skates from the Northwest Atlantic

Randhawa

Burt

2008

Journal of Parasitology

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The objectives of this study were to (1) describe the host range for 6 tetraphyllidean species and quantify their host specificity using 5 specificity indices; (2) determine the role of morphological determinants in the host specificity of tetraphyllideans by comparing villar and bothridial measurements of species examined herein; and (3) determine the role of a physiological component in the host specificity of tetraphyllideans by exposing tetraphyllideans to blood sera from different fish species and other solutions. Our results indicate that Echeneibothrium dubium abyssorum (ex Amblyraja radiata), Echeneibothrium canadensis (ex A. radiata), and Zyxibothrium kamienae (ex Malacoraja senta) exhibit the highest degree of specificity, followed by Echeneibothrium vernetae (ex Leucoraja erinacea and Leucoraja ocellata), Pseudanthobothrium hanseni (ex A. radiata and M. senta), and Pseudanthobothrium purtoni (ex Leucoraja erinacea and L. ocellata). However, these results vary based on the specificity index used. Compatible bothridial and villar measurements indicate that there is no morphological determinant of host specificity but that there is a morphological determinant to attachment site specificity. Our data indicate that attachment site specificity may also be phylogenetically determined. Additionally, the exposure of parasites to blood sera from various hosts confirms that host specificity in this system has a physiological determinant. Therefore, host specificity in this system is determined, at least in part, by physiological factors, whereas attachment site specificity is an extension of host specificity and is phylogenetically determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Host Specificity and Comments on Attachment Site Specificity of Tetraphyllidean Cestodes Infecting Rajid Skates from the Northwest Atlantic

Randhawa

Burt

2008

Journal of Parasitology

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“…The first examples being studies of cestodes of the tetraphyllidean genera Echeneibothrium and Acanthobothrium (Williams 1960, Williams et al 1970, McVicar 1979. Monosaccharides have been demonstrated to be absorbed in anterior regions of the elasmobranch spiral intestine whereas disaccharides are absorbed posteriorly and may be the only carbohydrates available in the posterior region (Read 1957, Laurie 1961, Carlinsky and Huang 1962. A physiological gradient of some type may also influence the distribution of G. borealis in species of Bathyraja examined as specimens were predominantly found in the anterior chambers of the spiral valve.…”

Section: Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grillotia borealis sp. n. (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) from five species of Bathyraja (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae) in the North Pacific Ocean with comments on parasite enteric distribution

Keeney¹,

Campbell²

2001

FOLIA PARASIT

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Abstract.A new trypanorhynch cestode, Grillotia borealis sp. n., is described from the spiral intestines of softnose skates of the genus Bathyraja collected from subarctic waters of the North Pacific Ocean: B. parmifera (Bean) (type host), B. aleutica (Gilbert) and B. interrupta (Gill et Townsend) from the Bering Sea and B. minispinosa Ishiyama et Ishihara and B. smirnovi (Soldatov et Pavlenko) from the Sea of Okhotsk off Japan. The new species is distinguished from other species of Grillotia by possession of the following combination of characters: four hooks per principal row, hooks 4(4') distinctly separated from hooks 3(3') of principal row, principal rows separated by 13-15 intercalary hooks in 2-3 rows, hooks 2(2') and 3(3') change in form along their respective files, hooks 1(1') do not change in form along the file, a broad band of microhooks on the external tentacular face, intermediary hooks are lacking, absence of a special basal armature, origin of the retractor muscle near middle of the bulb, average scolex ratio of 1 : 3 : 2 : 0.1, and a hermaphroditic sac. Grillotia borealis consistently favoured the most anterior regions of the spiral intestine. Seventy-one per cent of 21 attached worms occupied the most anterior chamber of the spiral valve and 52 per cent were embedded in the anterior surface of the spiral valve whorls. Factors which may limit the distribution of G. borealis within the spiral intestine of its host are discussed. Statistically significant differences occur in the mucosal morphology of B. aleutica and B. parmifera for villus length, diameter, spatial arrangement and number per unit area along the antero-posterior axis of the spiral intestine.The genus Grillotia Guiart, 1927 consists of cestodes of the order Trypanorhyncha that possess, on the basis of the type species, Grillotia erinaceus (van Beneden, 1858), two bothridia, an atypical heteroacanthous armature with a band of microhooks, postovarian testes, prebulbar organs and bulbs usually longer than the pars bothridialis (Campbell and Beveridge 1994). Currently, 20 species of Grillotia are recognised, eight of which possess four hooks per principal row (Sakanari 1989, Campbell and Beveridge 1993, 1994, Scholz et al. 1993, Palm 1995, Beveridge and Campbell 1998. The genus is cosmopolitan in its distribution and has been recorded from a wide variety of elasmobranch hosts. However, only one species, Grillotia musculara Hart, 1936 from Raja rhina in Puget Sound, has been recorded from a skate in the North Pacific, and only a single species, Grillotia rowei Campbell, 1977, has been reported from a softnose skate belonging to the zoogeographically widespread genus Bathyraja Ishiyama (see Campbell 1977). In this paper, a new species of Grillotia is described from the softnose skates Bathyraja aleutica (Gilbert), B. interrupta (Gill et Townsend) and B. parmifera (Bean) taken in the Bering Sea off Alaska and B. minispinosa Ishiyama et Ishihara and B. smirnovi (Soldatov et Pavlenko) taken from the Sea of Okhotsk, north of Japan. The dist...

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