Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and insulin secretion in young south Indian adults: Relationships to parental size, neonatal size and childhood body mass index

Raghupathy, P.; Antonisamy, Belavendra; Geethanjali, Finney S.; Saperia, J.; Leary, Sam D; Gururajan, Priya; Richard, J; Barker, D. J. P.; Fall, Caroline H.D.

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2009.11.015

Cited by 41 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We had detected five subjects with IGT in this study sample, which corresponded with a prevalence of w5% and resembled the findings of previous studies (39,40). Interestingly, all five subjects were born with LBW, supporting the idea that LBW subjects are at a higher risk of developing T2D.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Born with low birth weight in rural Southern India: what are the metabolic consequences 20 years later?

Nicolaï¹,

Grunnet²,

Poulsen³

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) is common in the Indian population and may represent an important predisposing factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the metabolic syndrome. Intensive metabolic examinations in ethnic LBW Asian Indians have been almost exclusively performed in immigrants living outside India. Therefore, we aimed to study the metabolic impact of being born with LBW in a rural non-migrant Indian population. Subjects and methods: One hundred and seventeen non-migrant, young healthy men were recruited from a birth cohort in a rural part of south India. The subjects comprised 61 LBW and 56 normal birth weight (NBW) men, with NBW men acting as controls. Subjects underwent a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, i.v. and oral glucose tolerance tests and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. The parents' anthropometric status and metabolic parameters were assessed. Results: Men with LBW were shorter (167G6.4 vs 172G6.0 cm, P!0.0001), lighter (51.9G9 vs 55.4G7 kg, PZ0.02) and had a reduced lean body mass (42.1G5.4 vs 45.0G4.5 kg, PZ0.002) compared with NBW controls. After adjustment for height and weight, the LBW subjects had increased diastolic blood pressure (77G6 vs 75G6 mmHg, PZ0.01). Five LBW subjects had impaired glucose tolerance. In vivo insulin secretion and peripheral insulin action were similar in both the groups. Mothers of the LBW subjects were 3 cm shorter than the control mothers. Conclusion: Only subtle features of the metabolic syndrome and changes in body composition among LBW rural Indians were found. Whether other factors such as urbanisation and ageing may unmask more severe metabolic abnormalities may require a long-term follow-up.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Born with low birth weight in rural Southern India: what are the metabolic consequences 20 years later?

Nicolaï¹,

Grunnet²,

Poulsen³

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, the Vellore birth cohort which comprised of 2218 men and women, followed from birth examined at a mean age of 28 years, also found no direct association between birth size and adult glucose intolerance, although an inverse association was apparent for birth weight and ponderal index with risk of IGT and DM, after adjusting for adult BMI. The highest risk for IGT/DM therefore was consistently seen in subjects in the lowest third of early (infant) BMI and highest third of adult BMI 58 . In the Parthenon Mysore cohort, established in the 80s to study gestational diabetes mellitus, 663 children were measured at birth and 6-12 monthly thereafter.…”

Section: Postnatal Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Research into the developmental origins hypothesis in India has involved prospectively studied birth cohorts in New Delhi, Vellore, Mysore and Pune 16,[57][58][59][60][61] . These studies have confirmed that people with lower birth measurements (weight/ponderal index) were more likely to develop chronic diseases 42,62,63 and such risk was particularly heightened for those who gained weight rapidly in childhood 57,60,64 .…”

Section: Postnatal Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Life Influences and Type-2 Diabetes – A Review

Prabhakaran

Tandon

2017

Current Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Early life factors encompassing parental, foetal and postnatal characteristics, have an important influence on individual disease risk. Of particular importance is the role of maternal lifetime nutrition and metabolic reserves, and the impact on offspring birth outcomes. Birth weight, in turn, affects disease risk in later life. Being born small and showing rapid weight gain during childhood are especially important risk determinants for impaired glucose tolerance, higher blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, overweight and obesity in later life. Postnatal growth patterns, socio-environmental factors and genetic influences thus act in concert to increase the predilection for chronic diseases, including type-2 diabetes.

show abstract

“…Risk of IGT and T2D was highest among South Asians who had shorter mothers or parents with lower body mass index (BMI), or were themselves of low birth weight, thin during infancy but with greater weight gain during childhood and adolescence, independent of their adult BMI. The risk of IGT/T2D was increased six times among South Asians who were in the lowest third of BMI as children but progressed to be in the highest third of BMI as adults, compared with adults who had high BMI as children but became thin adults (Raghupathy et al, 2010). These observations of adverse intrauterine and post-natal exposures in South Asians raise the possibility that epigenetic modification of gene expression may contribute to age-dependent changes in key metabolic genes, and increased susceptibility to T2D.…”

Section: Diabetes Migrants and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Globalisation and the Epigenetic Landscape

Víneis¹

2017

Health of People, Places and Planet: Reflections Based on Tony McMichael’s Four Decades of Contribution to Epidemiological Unde

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most inspirational books by Tony McMichael has been Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease. In the present chapter, I expand on some of the thoughts that book put forward. There are a few good examples of how environmental changes have modified the genetic make-up of some populations. It is likely, however, that much more important changes have taken place and will take place in humankind's epigenetic landscape, i.e. acquired and transgenerationally transmissible changes in DNA expression. A mounting body of evidence on the importance of epigenetic changes related, for instance, to in utero dietary exposures or deficiencies is now available. The past 30-40 years have seen unprecedented modifications in markets, industrial food availability and other aspects of lifestyle. Is it plausible that these changes could have an enduring effect on humankind's epigenetic landscape? In this chapter, I review some of the existing evidence.

show abstract

Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and insulin secretion in young south Indian adults: Relationships to parental size, neonatal size and childhood body mass index

Abstract: The occurrence of IGT and Type 2 DM is associated with thinness at birth and in childhood followed by accelerated BMI gain through adolescence.

Cited by 41 publications

References 33 publications

Born with low birth weight in rural Southern India: what are the metabolic consequences 20 years later?

Born with low birth weight in rural Southern India: what are the metabolic consequences 20 years later?

Early Life Influences and Type-2 Diabetes – A Review

Globalisation and the Epigenetic Landscape

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About