Glucose modulates proliferation in root apical meristems via TOR in maize during germination

Díaz-Granados, Víctor Hugo; López-López, Jorge Manuel; Flores-Sánchez, Jesús; Olguín‐Alor, Roxana; Bedoya-López, Andrea; Dinkova, Tzvetanka D.; Salazar-Díaz, Kenia; Vázquez‐Santana, Sonia; Vázquez‐Ramos, Jorge M.; Lara‐Núñez, Aurora

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.041

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It then became quickly obvious that, like in other eukaryotes, plant TOR activity is strongly and robustly induced by sugars (sucrose, glucose or fructose) and, consistently, highly repressed by sugar starvation [36,42,53]. In lst8 mutants, TOR activity is reduced but also insensitive to the addition of sucrose to starved Arabidopsis seedlings.…”

Section: The Sweet Side Of Tor: Sugars As Regulatory Factors and Outputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plant Target of Rapamycin: A Conduc TOR of Nutrition and Metabolism in Photosynthetic Organisms

Ingargiola

Duarte

Robaglia

et al. 2020

Genes

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Living organisms possess many mechanisms to sense nutrients and favorable conditions, which allow them to grow and develop. Photosynthetic organisms are very diverse, from green unicellular algae to multicellular flowering plants, but most of them are sessile and thus unable to escape from the biotic and abiotic stresses they experience. The Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is conserved in all eukaryotes and acts as a central regulatory hub between growth and extrinsic factors, such as nutrients or stress. However, relatively little is known about the regulations and roles of this pathway in plants and algae. Although some features of the TOR pathway seem to have been highly conserved throughout evolution, others clearly differ in plants, perhaps reflecting adaptations to different lifestyles and the rewiring of this primordial signaling module to adapt to specific requirements. Indeed, TOR is involved in plant responses to a vast array of signals including nutrients, hormones, light, stresses or pathogens. In this review, we will summarize recent studies that address the regulations of TOR by nutrients in photosynthetic organisms, and the roles of TOR in controlling important metabolic pathways, highlighting similarities and differences with the other eukaryotes.

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Section: The Sweet Side Of Tor: Sugars As Regulatory Factors and Outputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plant Target of Rapamycin: A Conduc TOR of Nutrition and Metabolism in Photosynthetic Organisms

Ingargiola

Duarte

Robaglia

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…Higher concentration of AZD-8055 was employed for whole seed incubations due to the starchy endosperm seed barrier as reported for cereals, including maize ( Montané and Menand, 2013 ; Díaz-Granados et al., 2020 ). For cyclohexylamine (CHA) treatments, 24 h imbibed seeds were treated with 1 mM CHA alone or with 0.2 mM Spd and phenotype was registered after 48 h of the treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blots were developed with Luminata Classic Western HRP Substrate from Millipore. All antibodies had been previously used in Arabidopsis ( Schepetilnikov et al., 2013 ; Cao et al., 2019 ) and maize ( Garrocho-Villegas et al., 2013 ; Díaz-Granados et al., 2020 ) reports. Full size Western blots with molecular weight indications are shown for each antibody/species in supplemental information file ( Data S1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TOR senses and regulates spermidine metabolism during seedling establishment and growth in maize and Arabidopsis

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Summary Spermidine (Spd) is a nitrogen sink and signaling molecule that plays pivotal roles in eukaryotic cell growth and must be finetuned to meet various energy demands. In eukaryotes, target of rapamycin (TOR) is a central nutrient sensor, especially N, and a master-regulator of growth and development. Here, we discovered that Spd stimulates the growth of maize and Arabidopsis seedlings through TOR signaling. Inhibition of Spd biosynthesis led to TOR inactivation and growth defects. Furthermore, disruption of a TOR complex partner RAPTOR1B abolished seedling growth stimulation by Spd. Strikingly, TOR activated by Spd promotes translation of key metabolic enzyme upstream open reading frame (uORF)-containing mRNAs, PAO and CuAO , by facilitating translation reinitiation and providing feedback to polyamine metabolism and TOR activation. The Spd-TOR relay protected young-age seedlings of maize from expeditious stress heat shock. Our results demonstrate Spd is an upstream effector of TOR kinase in planta and provide its potential application for crop protection.

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“…Sugars and CKs are fully part of the regulation of the dynamic balance between cell division and cell differentiation, which determines organ shape and size. Sugars can activate the expression of key cell cycle regulators, such as cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their interacting cyclins (CYCs), promoting the G2/mitosis transition in Arabidopsis seedling meristematic tissues [88,[94][95][96][97]. CK signaling contributes to the stimulation of cell division and meristem initiation/formation [98,99].…”

Section: Meristem Establishment and Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence and Divergence of Sugar and Cytokinin Signaling in Plant Development

Wang

Gourrierec

Jiao

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Plants adjust their growth and development through a sophisticated regulatory system integrating endogenous and exogenous cues. Many of them rely on intricate crosstalk between nutrients and hormones, an effective way of coupling nutritional and developmental information and ensuring plant survival. Sugars in their different forms such as sucrose, glucose, fructose and trehalose-6-P and the hormone family of cytokinins (CKs) are major regulators of the shoot and root functioning throughout the plant life cycle. While their individual roles have been extensively investigated, their combined effects have unexpectedly received little attention, resulting in many gaps in current knowledge. The present review provides an overview of the relationship between sugars and CKs signaling in the main developmental transition during the plant lifecycle, including seed development, germination, seedling establishment, root and shoot branching, leaf senescence, and flowering. These new insights highlight the diversity and the complexity of the crosstalk between sugars and CKs and raise several questions that will open onto further investigations of these regulation networks orchestrating plant growth and development.

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Glucose modulates proliferation in root apical meristems via TOR in maize during germination

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

The Plant Target of Rapamycin: A Conduc TOR of Nutrition and Metabolism in Photosynthetic Organisms

The Plant Target of Rapamycin: A Conduc TOR of Nutrition and Metabolism in Photosynthetic Organisms

TOR senses and regulates spermidine metabolism during seedling establishment and growth in maize and Arabidopsis

Convergence and Divergence of Sugar and Cytokinin Signaling in Plant Development

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