Glucose, lipid and oxidative stress lowering activity of the aqueous extract from leafy stems of Cissus polyantha Gilg & Brandt in dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia in rats

Abstract

Background Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by chronic hyperglycemia. The present research work aimed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of leafy stems of Cissus polyantha Gilg & Brandt in insulin resistant rats. Methods The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in normal rats. Hyperglycemia was induced for 8 days by a daily subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) one hour after pretreatment of animals with metformin (40 mg/kg) and C. polyantha extract (111, 222 and 444 mg/kg). Body weight, blood glucose, insulin level, lipid profile, insulin biomarkers, cardiovascular indices and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Results For OGTT, the extract (444 mg/kg) produced a significant drop in blood sugar at the 60th (p < 0.01), 90th (p < 0.01) and 120th min (p < 0.05). Morever, the extract at doses of 222 and 111 mg/kg significantly reduced blood sugar at the 60th (p < 0.01) and 90th min (p < 0.05) respectively. Otherwise, C. polyantha (444 and 222 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) increased body weight and decreased blood sugar on the 4th and 8th days of treatment in insulin resistant rats. The extract also significantly decreased (p < 0.001) serum insulin level, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance index and cardiovascular indices, and increased gluthathione level, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. Conclusion The aqueous extract of Cissus polyantha leafy stems (AECPLS) possess hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities that could justify its use in traditional medicine for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.

Extracts from the Leaves of Cissus verticillata Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Deficits in Mice

“…CVE treatment ameliorated obesity-induced increases in body weight, blood glucose levels, and lipid profiles, although CVE did not affect calorie intake. This result is consistent with a previous study showing that leafy stem extracts from Cissus polyantha decreased dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia and lipidemia in rats [ 24 ]. Cissus adnate Roxb.…”

“…Nonetheless, herbal medicine is attractive for various metabolic diseases, including obesity, owing to its broad range of safety margins. Cissus spp., belonging to the family Vitaceae, consists of approximately 80 species [19] and has been used to treat diabetes, inflammation, epilepsy, and pain in traditional medicine [20][21][22][23][24]. Among Cissus spp., Cissus verticillata (also called Cissus sicyoides) and Cissus quadrangularis are the most popular; they decrease fat accumulation and weight gain [25][26][27][28].…”

Type 1 diabetes mellitus: therapeutic correction trial with the aqueous extract of the leaves of Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (Loranthaceae)

“…However, glibenclamide and / or the aqueous extract of T. dodoneifolius caused a decrease in the level of MDA and an increase in the activity of CAT, SOD, and the level of GSH. These results are similar to those of Webo et al, (2019) and Mahamad et al, (2020) with Baillonella toxisperma and Cissus polyantha, respectively. The extract is said to have prevented oxidative damage by scavenging and scavenging free radicals in order to restore the antioxidant parameters disrupted by streptozotocin.…”