Glucose enhancement of memory depends on initial thirst

Scholey, Andrew; Sünram-Lea, Sandra I.; Greer, Joanna; Elliott, Jade M.; Kennedy, David O.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2009.07.024

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…An effect of word recognition speed was observed in which 60 g glucose resulted in faster reaction times compared to placebo following an overnight fast suggesting that for recognition speed, under conditions of greater depletion of glucose resources participants might benefit from a higher glucose load. While effects of glucose on word recall are generally regarded as 'robust', a number of studies have failed to observe effects of glucose (25-50 g) on immediate word recall (Craft et al 1994;Ford et al 2002;Foster et al 1998;Green et al 2007;Scholey et al 2001;Scholey and Kennedy 2004;Winder and Borrill 1998) and delayed word recall (Craft et al 1994;Messier et al 1999;Scholey and Kennedy 2004;Winder and Borrill 1998;Scholey et al 2009a). Messier et al (1999) reported that the effects of 50 g glucose on free word recall was dependent on glucoregulatory processes, where glucose ingestion reversed the performance decrement associated with poor glucoregulation but did not impact on participants with better glucoregulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of glucose dose and fasting interval on cognitive function: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, six-way crossover study

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of glucose dose and fasting interval on cognitive function: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, six-way crossover study

et al. 2011

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“…In contrast the memory of those who were initially thirsty was worse after glucose rather than the placebo. The response to glucose depended on the participants’ initial thirst [39]. However, unlike previous reports [37,38] initial thirst did not influence subsequent ratings of alertness.…”

Section: Hydration Status and Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Dehydration Influences Mood and Cognition: A Plausible Hypothesis?

Benton

2011

Nutrients

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The hypothesis was considered that a low fluid intake disrupts cognition and mood. Most research has been carried out on young fit adults, who typically have exercised, often in heat. The results of these studies are inconsistent, preventing any conclusion. Even if the findings had been consistent, confounding variables such as fatigue and increased temperature make it unwise to extrapolate these findings. Thus in young adults there is little evidence that under normal living conditions dehydration disrupts cognition, although this may simply reflect a lack of relevant evidence. There remains the possibility that particular populations are at high risk of dehydration. It is known that renal function declines in many older individuals and thirst mechanisms become less effective. Although there are a few reports that more dehydrated older adults perform cognitive tasks less well, the body of information is limited and there have been little attempt to improve functioning by increasing hydration status. Although children are another potentially vulnerable group that have also been subject to little study, they are the group that has produced the only consistent findings in this area. Four intervention studies have found improved performance in children aged 7 to 9 years. In these studies children, eating and drinking as normal, have been tested on occasions when they have and not have consumed a drink. After a drink both memory and attention have been found to be improved.

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“…These include age, gender (Craft et al, 1994), glucoregulatory efficiency (Craft et al, 1994;Smith and Foster, 2008), trait anxiety (Smith et al, in press) and initial thirst (Scholey et al, 2009b). In addition, the glucose memory facilitation effect appears to be only reliably observed in healthy young adults when the cognitive demand of the task is high (e.g.…”

Section: Cognitive Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose enhancement of human memory: A comprehensive research review of the glucose memory facilitation effect

Smith

Riby

Eekelen

et al. 2011

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

130

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The brain relies upon glucose as its primary fuel. In recent years, a rich literature has developed from both human and animal studies indicating that increases in circulating blood glucose can facilitate cognitive functioning. This phenomenon has been termed the 'glucose memory facilitation effect'. The purpose of this review is to discuss a number of salient studies which have investigated the influence of glucose ingestion on neurocognitive performance in individuals with a) compromised neurocognitive capacity, as well as b) normally functioning individuals (with a focus on research conducted with human participants). The proposed neurocognitive mechanisms purported to underlie the modulatory effect of glucose on neurocognitive performance will also be considered. Many theories have focussed upon the hippocampus, given that this brain region is heavily implicated in learning and memory. Further, it will be suggested that glucose is a possible mechanism underlying the phenomenon that enhanced memory performance is typically observed for emotionally laden stimuli.

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Glucose enhancement of memory depends on initial thirst

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

The effect of glucose dose and fasting interval on cognitive function: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, six-way crossover study

The effect of glucose dose and fasting interval on cognitive function: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, six-way crossover study

Dehydration Influences Mood and Cognition: A Plausible Hypothesis?

Glucose enhancement of human memory: A comprehensive research review of the glucose memory facilitation effect

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