Glucose-6-phosphatase

Nordlie, Robert C.; Jorgenson, Roger A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2655-7_13

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The homogenate was centrifuged at 4 °C 12 000×g for 30 min. The supernatant fluid was collected and frozen for enzymatic assay [19][20][21] .…”

Section: Liver Tissue Preparation For Gp and G6pase Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…G6Pase activity was determined through the use of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-coupled reaction [20][21][22] . G6Pase catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose, which is further oxidized to β-D-gluconolactone by G6PD in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ).…”

Section: Determination Of G6pase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total GP activity, which includes a and b forms of the enzyme, was also determined using a G6PD-coupled reaction [20,21,25] . The assay measures the formation of NADH during the GP-limited conversion of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate, which is converted first to glucose-6-phosphate and then to β-D-gluconolactone by phosphoglucomutase and G6PD, respectively.…”

Section: Determination Of Gp Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of geniposide, a hypoglycemic glucoside, on hepatic regulating enzymes in diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin

et al. 2009

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Aim: Hepatic glycogen phosphorylase (GP) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) play an important role in the control of blood glucose homeostasis and are proposed to be potential targets for anti-diabetic drugs. Geniposide is an iridoid glucoside extracted from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits and has been reported to have a hypoglycemic effect. However, little is known about the biochemical mechanisms by which geniposide regulates hepatic glucose-metabolizing enzymes. The present study investigates whether the hypoglycemic effect of geniposide is mediated by GP or G6Pase. Methods: Type 2 diabetic mice, induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection, were treated with or without geniposide for 2 weeks. Blood glucose levels were monitored by a glucometer. Insulin concentrations were analyzed by the ELISA method. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured using Labassay TM kits. Activities of hepatic GP and G6Pase were measured by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-coupled reaction. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of both enzymes. Results: Geniposide (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly decreased the blood glucose, insulin and TG levels in diabetic mice in a dose-dependent manner. This compound also decreased the expression of GP and G6Pase at mRNA and immunoreactive protein levels, as well as enzyme activity. Conclusion: Geniposide is an effective hypoglycemic agent in diabetic mice. The hypoglycemic effect of this compound may be mediated, at least in part, by inhibiting the GP and G6Pase activities.

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“…The homogenate was centrifuged at 4 °C 12 000×g for 30 min. The supernatant fluid was collected and frozen for enzymatic assay [19][20][21] .…”

Section: Liver Tissue Preparation For Gp and G6pase Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of G6pase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Gp Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of geniposide, a hypoglycemic glucoside, on hepatic regulating enzymes in diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin

et al. 2009

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“…(55). eAssayed according to Neville and Arion (56). fHepatocytes were incubated for 48 hr prior to addition of the compounds.…”

Section: Experiments On Isolated Hepatocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of phthalic acid esters on the liver and thyroid.

Hinton¹,

Mitchell²,

Mann³

et al. 1986

Environ Health Perspect

127

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The effects, over periods from 3 days to 9 months of administration, of diets containing di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate are very similar to those observed in rats administered diets containing hypolipidemic drugs such as clofibrate. Changes occur in a characteristic order commencing with alterations in the distribution of lipid within the liver, quickly followed by proliferation of hepatic peroxisomes and induction of the specialized P450 isoenzyme(s) catalyzing w oxidation of fatty acids. There follows a phase of mild liver damage indicated by induction of glucose-6-phosphatase activity and a loss of glycogen, eventually leading to the formation of enlarged lysosomes through autophagy and the accumulation of lipofuscin. Associated changes are found in the kidney and thyroid. The renal changes are limited to the proximal convoluted tubules and are generally similar to changes found in the liver. The effects on the thyroid are more marked. Although the levels of thyroxine in plasma fall to about half normal values, serum triiodothyronine remains close to normal values while the appearance of the thyroid varies, very marked hyperactivity being noted 7 days after commencement of treatment, this is less marked at 14 days, but even after 9 months treatment there is clear cut evidence for hyperactivity with colloid changes which indicate this has persisted for some time. Straight chain analogs of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-n-hexyl phthalate and di-n-oxtyl phthalate differ entirely in their short-term effects on the liver and kidney but have similar effects on the thyroid.The short-term in vivo hepatic effects of the three phthalate esters can be reproduced in hepatocytes in tissue culture. All three phthalate esters, as well as clofibrate, have early marked effects on the metabolism of fatty acids in isolated hepatocytes. The nature of these changes is such as to increase storage of lipid in the liver. A hypothesis is presented to explain the progress from these initial metabolic effects to the final formation of liver tumors.

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“…The two major enzymatic contaminants were glucose-6-phosphatase and acid phosphatase, which, to our knowledge, have not been measured in isolated HeLa cell plasma membranes. However, plasma membranes from several other cells have been reported to have specific activities of these enzymes close to or equal to that of the cell homogenate (1,33,34,28), suggesting that these activities may not be unique to a single subcellular structure.…”

Section: Composition Of Membranes On Beadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane isolation on polylysine-coated beads. Plasma membrane from HeLa cells.

Cohen¹,

Kalish²,

Jacobson³

et al. 1977

The Journal of Cell Biology

123

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HeLa cell plasma membranes have been purified after binding cells to polylysinecoated polyacrylamide beads. Cell attachment to beads and membrane recovery were maximal in a sucrose-acetate buffer, pH 5.0, at 25~Measurements of ouabain-sensitive NaK-adenosine triphosphatase, membrane-bound 12SI-wheat germ agglutinin, and chemical analyses showed that membranes on beads were of comparable or greater purity than membranes isolated by conventional methods. Because the isolation procedure is rapid (-2.5 h), and produces membranes whose protoplasmic surfaces are fully exposed, it should be a useful supplement to standard isolation techniques.

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Glucose-6-phosphatase

Cited by 42 publications

References 86 publications

Effect of geniposide, a hypoglycemic glucoside, on hepatic regulating enzymes in diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin

Effect of geniposide, a hypoglycemic glucoside, on hepatic regulating enzymes in diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin

Effects of phthalic acid esters on the liver and thyroid.

Membrane isolation on polylysine-coated beads. Plasma membrane from HeLa cells.

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