Glucosamine synthetase activity of the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Goodman, Michael J.; Kent, P. W.; Truelove, S. C.

doi:10.1136/gut.18.3.219

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, the thickness of the adherent mucus gel was found generally lower or unchanged [44,49], possibly due to excessive removal. In severe UC, both synthesis of mucins and the thickness of mucus barrier substantially declined [48][49][50]. The decreased mucin levels confirmed that the lower lipid/protein ratio in UC is due to an even larger scale of reduction in lipids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

In vivo analysis of mucosal lipids reveals histological disease activity in ulcerative colitis using endoscope-coupled Raman spectroscopy

Ding

Dupont

Singhal

et al. 2017

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Abstract:The goal of this study is to evaluate endoscopic Raman spectroscopy as a noninvasive technique to determine histological inflammatory status of colitis. Colon mucosal composition was investigated in vivo from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and from ageand body mass index (BMI) matched controls using endoscope-coupled Raman spectroscopy. The results were co-registered with histological assessment of inflammatory status at the same locations. Substantial decreases (50-60%) in the content of phosphotidylcholines (PCs) and total lipids were observed in inflamed colon tissue (histology grade 1, 2 and 3) compared to those from the quiescent (histology grade 0) and from the controls. No significant difference was observed in lipids or PC contents between control and grade 0, or among grades 1 -3. The degree of lipid unsaturation increased in the inflamed tissue regardless of disease severity. The inflammation-associated alterations in lipids and PC are observed independent of BMI or the anatomical locations for data collection. Multivariate analysis using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm classified the spectra of the controls or the inactive colitis from those of inflamed tissue with a sensitivity of 83.5% and 97.1% respectively. Our results showed that mucosal lipid content is related to the microscopic disease activity, and thus could serve as a valuable spectral marker to differentiate active colitis from the quiescent. References and links1. E. V. Loftus, Jr., "Clinical epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: Incidence, prevalence, and environmental influences," Gastroenterology 126(6), 1504-1517 (2004). 2. J. Misiewicz, J. Lennard-Jones, A. Connell, J. Baron, and F. A. Jones, "Controlled trial of sulphasalazine in maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis," Lancet 285(7378), 185-188 (1965

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

In vivo analysis of mucosal lipids reveals histological disease activity in ulcerative colitis using endoscope-coupled Raman spectroscopy

Ding

Dupont

Singhal

et al. 2017

Biomed. Opt. Express

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“…An other argument was that increased lysozyme-mediated glycocalyx production compensates for the thinning cell coat. In this context other characteristics of Crohn's dis ease, which are partially contradictory, are worth mention ing: (1) increased glycosamine synthetase activity in the bowel wall as a possible histochemical correlative to the compensalorily enhanced mucous glycocalyx production [Goodman et al, 1976[Goodman et al, , 1977 as well as decreased glyco protein synthesis in histologically unaffected bowel areas, resulting in impaired protection of the bowel mucosa [Bur ton and Anderson, 1983], and (2) reduced brush border enzyme activity as a possible equivalent to the shortened and damaged microvilli [Dunne et al, 1977;Doumiashkin et al, 1981], resulting in a decreased capacity to digest ingested macromolecules. …”

Section: Paneth Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Morphological Changes in Crohn’s Disease

Schattenfroh¹,

Bartels²,

Nagel³

1994

Cells Tissues Organs

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Recent ultrastructural investigations revealed early epithelial lesions in Crohn’s disease, while a specific morphological pattern was not identifiable. An increase in plasma cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes, as well as focal edema and inflammation of tissue structures was seen in the lamina propria, submucosa and deeper layers. The results are consistent with the frequent discussion about a pathogenetically significant defect of the mucosal ‘barrier function’, which consists of mechanical, cellular, humoral, immunological and nonimmunological mechanisms, including different histotopographically defined lines of defense of the epithelium and lamina propria. An intact epithelial layer plays an important role as the first line of defense. It is evident that components of the epithelial barrier (absorptive cells, goblet cells, Paneth cells, M cells) show ultrastructural signs of alteration or injury, while the primary agent or event remains unknown. Another pathomechanism would be a preexisting defect in intestinal ‘barrier function’. Such a defect would result in an increased uptake of, or an inadequate immune reaction to, ubiquitously occurring antigens/agents (with genetic predisposition). However, no primary defect of epithelial or inflammatory cells has been definitely identified so far. Direct toxic damage of tissue secondarily introducing the inflammatory changes is also possible. Although the morphological alterations in Crohn’s disease are not yet clearly understood and exactly interpreted, transmission electron microscopy has been helpful in defining early lesions and has led to further knowledge about the pathogenesis of this disease.

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“…It may represent an inherent abnormality in gastrointestinal mucosa or a protective response to a faecal factor. 58 The lack of change in rectal glucosamine synthetase activity in the control group after faecal diversion suggests that the presence of faeces in the normal colon has little influence on glycoprotein synthesis and is in keeping with the reported lack of change in other mucosal enzymes after proximal diversion or small bowel resection. "…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Faecal diversion for Crohn's colitis: a model to study the role of the faecal stream in the inflammatory process.

Winslet

Allan²,

Poxon³

et al. 1994

Gut

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The high incidence of clinical remission after faecal diversion for Crohn's colitis suggests the faecal stream may play a part in the inflammatory mechanism. The effect of faecal diversion (n=22) and restoration of intestinal continuity (n=10) was assessed in patients with Crohn's colitis and compared with controls. Faecal diversion produced significant improvement in the disease activity index mean (SEM) (before 176 (9); after 114 (9), p

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Glucosamine synthetase activity of the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

In vivo analysis of mucosal lipids reveals histological disease activity in ulcerative colitis using endoscope-coupled Raman spectroscopy

In vivo analysis of mucosal lipids reveals histological disease activity in ulcerative colitis using endoscope-coupled Raman spectroscopy

Early Morphological Changes in Crohn’s Disease

Faecal diversion for Crohn's colitis: a model to study the role of the faecal stream in the inflammatory process.

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