Glucocorticoid-Induced Cardiomyopathy Caused by Uncontrollable Asthma

Abstract

Hypercortisolism is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. It has been suggested that cardiovascular risk increases with increasing steroid use in patients taking oral steroids as immunosuppressive drugs. Cardiomyopathy is often reported to occur concomitantly in patients with Cushing's syndrome. Reports of cases of long-term high-dose glucocorticoid ingestion and concomitant cardiomyopathy are rare. We report a case of cardiomyopathy in a 63-year-old Japanese man. He had refractory bronchial asthma and had been on prednisolone ≥15 mg/day equivalent for >20 years. Echocardiography showed severe left ventricular dilatation, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and mitral regurgitation. Since other secondary cardiomyopathies were excluded, a diagnosis of glucocorticoid cardiomyopathy was made, cardioprotective drugs were introduced, and the steroid dose was reduced during hospitalization. Four months after the patient's discharge, echocardiography showed normalization of left ventricular systolic function.