Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type II diabetes

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease that have huge number of patients worldwide. Researches to T2D treatments will benefit many patients. T2D has been researched for over a century and the drugs used to treat it are becoming more effective every year. In current T2D treatments, Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist(GLP-1 RA)are a popular research direction. This review is intended to introduce 6 kinds of classic treatment including insulins, biguanides, sulphonylureas,GLP-1 RA, thiazolidinediones(TZD), Sodium-glucose co-transport protein(SGLT-2) and two kinds of latest treatment including new drug tirzepatide and combination therapy of T2D and highlight the mechanism as well as the safety profile of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Then present three kinds of medicine including Oral drugs with high convenience and high safety, multi-targeted drugs therapy which are more efficient and a new approach to treat T2D called gut microbiota therapy will all be potential research directions.