Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist regulates fat browning by altering the gut microbiota and ceramide metabolism

Lin, Ke; Dong, Chunyan; Zhao, Binyan; Zhou, Bailing; Yang, Li

doi:10.1002/mco2.416

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Finally, we shall mention that Table 1 has only attempted to reflect the changes in the microbiota associated with physiological weight loss, as a result of a nutritional intervention. Pharmacological interventions described for weight loss, such as the use of Orlistat or GLP-1 agonists, were excluded due to the demonstrated role of these drugs on the intestinal microbial composition per se [53,54], which may mask the results observed as a consequence of weight loss.…”

Section: Microbiota As Weight Loss Predictor After Dietary Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of gut bacterial profiling information in precision nutrition for obesity and weight loss management

Ramos-Lopez,

Aranaz,

Riezu-Boj

et al. 2024

Lifestyle Genomics

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Background: It has been suggested that the dysfunction of the gut microbiome can have deleterious effects on the regulation of body weight and adiposity by affecting energy metabolism. In this context, gut bacterial profiling studies have contributed to characterize specific bacteria associated with obesity. This review covers the information driven by gut bacterial profiling analyses and emphasizes the potential application of this knowledge in precision nutrition strategies for obesity understanding and weight loss management. Summary: Gut bacterial profiling studies have identified bacterial families that are more abundant in obese than in non-obese individuals (i.e. Prevotellaeae, Ruminococcaceae, and Veillonellaceae) as well as other families that have been repeatedly found more abundant in non-obese people (i.e. Christensenellaceae and Coriobacteriaceae), suggesting that an increase in their relative amount could be an interesting target in weight-loss treatments. Also, some gut-derived metabolites have been related to the regulation of body weight, including short chain fatty acids (SCFA), trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and branched-chain and aromatic amino acids. Moreover, gut microbiota profiles may play a role in determining weight loss responses to specific nutritional treatments for the precise management of obesity. Thus, incorporating gut microbiota features may improve the performance of integrative models to predict weight loss outcomes. Key Messages: The application of gut bacterial profiling information is of great value for precision nutrition in metabolic diseases, since it contributes to the understanding of the role of the gut microbiota in obesity onset and progression, facilitates the identification of potential microorganism targets, and allows the personalization of tailored weight loss diets as well as the prediction of adiposity outcomes based on the gut bacterial profiling of each individual. Integrating microbiota information with other omics knowledge (genetics, epigenetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) may provide a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular and physiological events underlying obesity and adiposity outcomes for precision nutrition.

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Section: Microbiota As Weight Loss Predictor After Dietary Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of gut bacterial profiling information in precision nutrition for obesity and weight loss management

Ramos-Lopez,

Aranaz,

Riezu-Boj

et al. 2024

Lifestyle Genomics

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Understanding how pre- and probiotics affect the gut microbiome and metabolic health

Bock,

Martins,

Schaan

2024

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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The gut microbiome, a complex assembly of microorganisms, significantly impacts human health by influencing nutrient absorption, the immune system, and disease response. These microorganisms form a dynamic ecosystem that is critical to maintaining overall well-being. Prebiotics and probiotics are pivotal in regulating gut microbiotacomposition. Prebiotics nourish beneficial bacteria, and promote their growth, while probiotics help maintain balance within the microbiome. This intricate balance extends to several aspects of health, including maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier, regulating immune responses, and producing metabolites crucial for metabolic health. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the gut microbiota, has been linked to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Impaired gut barrier function, endotoxemia, and low-grade inflammation are associated with toll-like receptors influencing pro-inflammatory pathways. Short-chain fatty acids derived from microbial fermentation modulate anti-inflammatory and immune system pathways. Prebiotics positively influence gut microbiota, while probiotics, especially Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, may improve metabolic outcomes, such as glycemic control in diabetes. It is important to consider strain-specific effects and study variability when interpreting these findings, highlighting the need for further research to optimize their therapeutic potential. The aim of this report is therefore to review the role of the gut microbiota in metabolic health and disease and the effects of prebiotics and probiotics on the gut microbiome and their therapeutic role, integrating a broad understanding of physiological mechanisms with a clinical perspective.

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Role of Brown Adipose Tissue in Metabolic Health and Efficacy of Drug Treatment for Obesity

Markina,

Matveev,

Zasypkin

et al. 2024

JCM

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(1) Background: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis, and its activation has become a new object as both a determinant of metabolic health and a target for therapy. This study aimed to identify the relationships between the presence of BAT, parameters that characterize metabolic health (glucose, lipids, blood pressure (BP)), and the dynamics of body mass index (BMI) during weight-reducing therapy. (2) Methods: The study included 72 patients with obesity. We investigated metabolic parameters, anthropometric parameters, and BP. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) were performed. (3) Results: Before weight-reducing therapy, BAT was revealed only in 19% patients with obesity. The presence of BAT was associated with a lower risk of metabolic deviations that characterize metabolic syndrome: shorter waist circumference (WC) (p = 0.02) and lower levels of glucose (p = 0.03) and triglycerides (p = 0.03). Thereafter, patients were divided into four groups according to the type of therapy (only lifestyle modification or with Liraglutide or Reduxin or Reduxin Forte). We did not find a relationship between the presence of BAT and response to therapy: percent weight reduction was 10.4% in patients with BAT and 8.5% in patients without BAT (p = 0.78) during six months of therapy. But we noted a significant positive correlation between the volume of BAT and the effectiveness of weight loss at 3 months (r = 0.52, p = 0.016). The dynamic analysis of BAT after 6 months of therapy showed a significant increase in the volume of cold-induced metabolically active BAT, as determined by PET/CT with 18F-FDG in the Liraglutide group (p = 0.04) and an increase in the activity of BAT standardized uptake value (SUV mean and SUV max) in the Reduxin (p = 0.02; p = 0.01, respectively) and Liraglutide groups (p = 0.02 in both settings). (4) Conclusions: The presence of brown adipose tissue is associated with a lower risk of metabolic abnormalities. In general, our study demonstrated that well-established drugs in the treatment of obesity (Liraglutide and Reduxin) have one more mechanism for implementing their effects. These drugs have the ability to increase the activity of BAT. A significant positive relationship between the total volume of BAT and the percentage of weight loss may further determine the priority mechanism of the weight-reducing effect of these medicaments.

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Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist regulates fat browning by altering the gut microbiota and ceramide metabolism

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Application of gut bacterial profiling information in precision nutrition for obesity and weight loss management

Application of gut bacterial profiling information in precision nutrition for obesity and weight loss management

Understanding how pre- and probiotics affect the gut microbiome and metabolic health

Role of Brown Adipose Tissue in Metabolic Health and Efficacy of Drug Treatment for Obesity

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