Glucagon-induced small bowel air reflux: Degrading effects on double-contrast colon examination

Stone, Elwood E.; Conte, Frederic A.

doi:10.1007/bf01889062

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The advantage of glucagon, as compared to anticholinergic agents, is that it is virtually free of side effects at the low doses used in radiology. However, some radiologists do not agree with the routine use of glucagon in gastrointestinal radiology because of the pain and discomfort related to intravenous injection, the high cost of the hormone, and the necessity to keep the drug stocked [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon in gastrointestinal radiology

et al. 1995

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In the present study, following a double-blind, double placebo protocol vs. placebo, we compared the hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon during a double-contrast barium meal examination of the stomach. We found a statistically significant difference between placebo and intranasal or intravenous glucagon in inducing gastric hypomotility, with no significant differences between IN and IV glucagon. The intranasal administration of glucagon has the advantage of being noninvasive and well tolerated by the patients, and might be a valuable aid in upper gastrointestinal examination as well as in CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon in gastrointestinal radiology

et al. 1995

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“…While the addition of glucagon may improve the diagnostic quality of barium enema examinations, Thoeni et al [23] showed that glucagon did not increase the sensitivity and specificity of colorectal polyp detection at double-contrast barium enema. Furthermore, Stone and Conte [24] demonstrated that routine administration of glucagon 0.5 mg i.v. during double-contrast enema degraded the quality of examination primarily because glucagon promotes retrograde reflux of air into the small intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

CT colonography: colonic distention improved by dual positioning but not intravenous glucagon

et al. 2002

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The aim of this study was to determine whether intravenous (IV) glucagon and dual positioning administered prior to CT colonography enhances colonic distention. We assessed the effect of dual positioning and IV glucagon on colonic distention in 96 patients who underwent CT colonography examinations. The CT colonography was performed in both supine and prone positions. Seventy-four patients received glucagon (1 mg i.v.) immediately prior to CT scanning and 22 patients did not. The bowel was divided into ten segments and colonic distention was scored by two radiologists in the supine, prone, and combined supine/prone positions using a five-point scale: 1=collapsed; 2=poorly visualized; > or = 3=adequate distention; 4=entire segment visualized and well distended; 5=excellent distention). A combined segmental and overall supine/prone distention score was calculated based on the sum of the mean score for each position. There was no significant difference in the degree of colonic distention between patients who received glucagon and those who did not [supine/prone distention score (mean +/- SE): 3.63 +/- 0.2 vs 3.85 +/- 0.2; p=n.s.]. The degree of colonic distention was greater in the prone position in both the glucagon (3.87 +/- 0.2 vs 3.38 +/- 0.2; p<0.05) and non-glucagon groups (4.01 +/- 0.2 vs 3.69 +/- 0.2; p=N.S.) particularly in the proximal colon. There was almost perfect agreement between both radiologists in their scoring of colonic distention on a per-patient basis ( k=0.9; p<0.001). Of 1480 bowel segments, 1261 (85.2%) were adequately distended in the glucagon group compared with 370 of 440 bowel segments (84%) in the non-glucagon group ( p=n.s.) Colonic distention at CT colonography is improved by dual positioning but not by the administration of intravenous glucagon. While our results suggest that other smooth muscle relaxants, including butyl scopolamine, may only have a limited role in improving colonic distention in CT colonography, further studies are required.

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The Place of Glucagon in Medical Imaging

Skucas¹

1996

Glucagon III

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Glucagon-induced small bowel air reflux: Degrading effects on double-contrast colon examination

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

The hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon in gastrointestinal radiology

The hypotonic effect of intranasal and intravenous glucagon in gastrointestinal radiology

CT colonography: colonic distention improved by dual positioning but not intravenous glucagon

The Place of Glucagon in Medical Imaging

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