Glucagon-induced insulin secretion in normal and diabetic subjects.

Ohneda, Akira; Matsuda, Kiyoshi; Chiba, Masaki; Iimura, Yasuo; Yamagata, Shoichi

doi:10.1620/tjem.116.103

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Twenty ml of 5% solution of tolbutamide (Rastinon®, Hoechst) were intravenously injected for 2 min and blood samples were collected before and 3, 6, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 120 min after the start of the injection. An intravenous glucagon test was performed by the method described previously (Ohneda et al 1975). Briefly, 1 mg of glucagon (donated by Novo Institute) was administered within 1 min and blood samples were drawn before and 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min after the injection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of insulin secretion based on changes in plasma insulin and C-peptide in man.

Sakai

Ohneda

Nihei

et al. 1982

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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In order to clarify the mechanism of insulin secretion, responses of insulin (IRI) and C-peptide (CPR) in plasma to various stimuli were investigated in normal subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis, chronic nephritis or insulinoma. The response of plasma IRI and CPR to oral glucose load was less marked in the mild and moderate diabetes groups than in the normal controls. Neither IRI nor CPR in the severe diabetes group responded to oral glucose. The patients with liver cirrhosis revealed an exaggerated and delayed response of IRI and CPR, and a lowered CPR/IRI ratio, indicating a remarkable response of IRI to glucose. In contrast, the patients with chronic nephritis showed a prominent rise of CPR alone. In the insulinoma patients, both plasma IRI and CPR increased after glucose load. In the response to glucose, there was approximately 30-min lag time between the peaks of IRI and CPR in the normal controls and the patients with various diseases. Following arginine infusion, plasma IRI and CPR increased in the normal subjects and the patients with moderate diabetes. In the normal subjects, plasma IRI reached a peak at 6 min and 3 min in response to tolbutamide and glucagon, respectively, which elicit an abrupt and sharp rise of insulin from B-cells. However, diabetic patients showed a minimal change in plasma IRI and CPR, whereas there was an exaggerated response of plasma IRI and CPR in insulinoma patients. In analysis of responses of plasma IRI and CPR to tolbutamide or glucagon, there was a lag time longer than 10 min in the normal subjects.The present study confirms the concurrent release of C-peptide from the B-cells in the secretion of insulin. In addition, it was suggested that insulin and C-peptide are mainly handled in the liver and the kidney, respectively.Furthermore, a longer lag time between the peaks of IRI and CPR in response to tolbutamide or glucagon did not necessarily indicate a simultaneous release of insulin and C-peptide from the B-cell, but a delayed release of the latter.glucose tolerance test; arginine; tolbutamide; glucagon The development of the immunoassay for insulin has made the measurement of a minute amount of insulin in plasma possible and has given much information concerning B-cell function of the pancreas. In 1967, Steiner and his co-workers discovered proinsulin from insulinoma tissues as well as from the normal rat

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of insulin secretion based on changes in plasma insulin and C-peptide in man.

Sakai

Ohneda

Nihei

et al. 1982

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Blood samples were obtained before and after glucose load at 30-min intervals for 2 hr. An intravenous glucagon test was carried out by the method as reported previously (Ohneda et al 1975a). In the test, 1 mg of glucagon (kindly donated by Novo Institute) was injected within 1 min and blood samples were collected before and 1, 3, 6, 10, 15" 20, 30 and 45 min after the injection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin and C-peptide in plasma and tumor of insulinoma patients.

Ohneda

Sakai

Kobayashi

et al. 1983

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…5 An arginine infusion test was performed as reported elsewhere. 7 Blood was obtained from the earlobe for glucose determination, which was measured by the glucose oxidase method. In a glucagon test, 1 mg of crystalline pork glucagon, donated by Novo Institute, AG., Denmark, was intravenously administered within 30 sec and blood was drawn at various intervals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Malignant Insulinoma Transformed into a Glucagonoma Syndrome

et al. 1979

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AKIRA OHNEDA, MASAO OTSUKI, HIROSHI FUJIYA, NOBUHISA YAGINUMA, TAKESHI KOKUBO, AND HARUO OHTANI SUMMARY A 55-yr-old man was admitted to the Hospital of Tohoku University in 1970, when physical examination and laboratory findings revealed malignant insulinoma with metastases to the liver. Streptozotocin treatment, totaling 79.5 g for 1 yr, improved his clinical symptoms. After discharge he was well until 1977, when he complained of palpitation and dyspnea, and he was hospitalized in September 1977 because of anorexia and a loss of body weight. Laboratory findings revealed anemia, with a decrease both in serum albumin and iron. His fasting blood glucose was 74 mg/dl and plasma insulin (IRI) 25 ^U/ml. His plasma IRI increased slightly after the stimuli of glucose, arginine, and glucagon. In contrast, his plasma glucagon (IRG) increased at fasting (3372 pg/ml) and became markedly elevated after arginine or glucose was administered. After his final admission, diazoxide improved his symptoms temporarily; streptozotocin could not be administered because of dyspnea and palpitation. On 24 January 1978, he fell suddenly into a coma and 2 days later he died. An autopsy revealed a large pancreatic tumor and metastases to the liver. Measurement of hormones from the tissues revealed a smaller amount of IRI in the pancreatic tumor and liver metastases compared with that in the uninvolved pancreas. In contrast, IRG contents had increased in the pancreatic tumor and hepatic metastases. In addition to the insulin cells, numerous cells with glucagon and somatostatin were observed in morphologic examinations. This indicated a mixed endocrine pancreatic tumor exhibiting typical symptoms of insulinoma initially and a glucagonoma syndrome later. DIABETES 28:962-969, November 1979.

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Glucagon-induced insulin secretion in normal and diabetic subjects.

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Analysis of insulin secretion based on changes in plasma insulin and C-peptide in man.

Analysis of insulin secretion based on changes in plasma insulin and C-peptide in man.

Insulin and C-peptide in plasma and tumor of insulinoma patients.

A Malignant Insulinoma Transformed into a Glucagonoma Syndrome

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