Glomerular Epithelial Stem Cells

Lasagni, Laura; Romagnani, Paola

doi:10.1681/asn.2010010048

Cited by 111 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…These cells follow a phenotypical and functional hierarchy within the parietal epithelium of Bowman’s capsule. A population of renal progenitors committed towards becoming podocytes [106, 107] can be observed at the vascular pole. The existence of transitional cells, exhibiting a mixed phenotype between parietal epithelial cells and neo-podocytes in proximity of the vascular stalk of the glomerulus, has been reported also in other previous studies [108].…”

Section: A Lifeboat For the Glomerulus: The Renal Progenitor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, glomerular progenitors may make the prevention and treatment of glomerulosclerosis possible. However, this regenerative process can also sometimes be inadequate because of an inefficient or, in some situations, excessive, proliferative response [107, 110]. Converging evidence indicates the type of pathologic or clinic presentation, or even the outcome of glomerular disorders, may depend on the balance between injury of podocytes, and the regeneration provided by progenitors.…”

Section: A Lifeboat For the Glomerulus: The Renal Progenitor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Podocyte Mitosis – A Catastrophe

Lasagni

Lazzeri²,

Shankland

et al. 2012

CMM

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Podocyte loss plays a key role in the progression of glomerular disorders towards glomerulosclerosis and chronic kidney disease. Podocytes form unique cytoplasmic extensions, foot processes, which attach to the outer surface of the glomerular basement membrane and interdigitate with neighboring podocytes to form the slit diaphragm. Maintaining these sophisticated structural elements requires an intricate actin cytoskeleton. Genetic, mechanic, and immunologic or toxic forms of podocyte injury can cause podocyte loss, which causes glomerular filtration barrier dysfunction, leading to proteinuria. Cell migration and cell division are two processes that require a rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton; this rearrangement would disrupt the podocyte foot processes, therefore, podocytes have a limited capacity to divide or migrate. Indeed, all cells need to rearrange their actin cytoskeleton to assemble a correct mitotic spindle and to complete mitosis. Podocytes, even when being forced to bypass cell cycle checkpoints to initiate DNA synthesis and chromosome segregation, cannot complete cytokinesis efficiently and thus usually generate aneuploid podocytes. Such aneuploid podocytes rapidly detach and die, a process referred to as mitotic catastrophe. Thus, detached or dead podocytes cannot be adequately replaced by the proliferation of adjacent podocytes. However, even glomerular disorders with severe podocyte injury can undergo regression and remission, suggesting alternative mechanisms to compensate for podocyte loss, such as podocyte hypertrophy or podocyte regeneration from resident renal progenitor cells. Together, mitosis of the terminally differentiated podocyte rather accelerates podocyte loss and therefore glomerulosclerosis. Finding ways to enhance podocyte regeneration from other sources remains a challenge goal to improve the treatment of chronic kidney disease in the future.

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Section: A Lifeboat For the Glomerulus: The Renal Progenitor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Lifeboat For the Glomerulus: The Renal Progenitor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Podocyte Mitosis – A Catastrophe

Lasagni

Lazzeri²,

Shankland

et al. 2012

CMM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, whether these regenerating cells derive from differentiated tubular cells or from a subset of renal stem/progenitor cells localized within the nephron remains unknown. In other adult organs, resident stem cell compartments critically participate in regeneration [5,6], and several studies support the existence of a stem/progenitor cell compartment also in adult mammalian kidney [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Renal progenitors were first identified in humans, where they are characterized by coexpression of two markers, CD133 and CD24 [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other adult organs, resident stem cell compartments critically participate in regeneration [5,6], and several studies support the existence of a stem/progenitor cell compartment also in adult mammalian kidney [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Renal progenitors were first identified in humans, where they are characterized by coexpression of two markers, CD133 and CD24 [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. CD133þCD24þ human renal progenitors are localized at the urinary pole of Bowman's capsule [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and are capable of podocyte and tubular differentiation [7][8][9][10]17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renal progenitors were first identified in humans, where they are characterized by coexpression of two markers, CD133 and CD24 [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. CD133þCD24þ human renal progenitors are localized at the urinary pole of Bowman's capsule [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and are capable of podocyte and tubular differentiation [7][8][9][10]17]. However, the tubular portion of the nephron is very long, which suggests that the stem cell compartment localized at the urinary pole of Bowman's capsule may not be unique and that other progenitors may localize along the tubular part of the M.L.A., E.R., L.B., B.M., A.P., C.S., E.P., M.R., and E.L.: collection and/or assembly of data, data analysis and interpretation, and final approval of manuscript; M.G.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Renal Progenitors Committed Toward Tubular Lineage and Their Regenerative Potential in Renal Tubular Injury

et al. 2012

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Recent studies implicated the existence in adult human kidney of a population of renal progenitors with the potential to regenerate glomerular as well as tubular epithelial cells and characterized by coexpression of surface markers CD133 and CD24. Here, we demonstrate that CD1331CD241 renal progenitors can be distinguished in distinct subpopulations from normal human kidneys based on the surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, also known as CD106. CD1331CD241CD1061 cells were localized at the urinary pole of Bowman's capsule, while a distinct population of scattered CD1331CD241CD1062 cells was localized in the proximal tubule as well as in the distal convoluted tubule.

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Aligned Nanofiber Topographies Enhance the Differentiation of Adult Renal Stem Cells into Glomerular Podocytes

et al. 2018

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The use of adult stem/progenitor cells is a challenge in current research about kidney functional regeneration. In this framework, material‐induced stem cell differentiation can become a new paradigm to promote advances in therapies. Here, the effects of both isotropic and anisotropic fibrous topographies on the podocyte differentiation of adult renal stem cells (RSCs) from human donors are investigated. The proliferation rate of RSCs is analyzed, immunofluorescence and genetic analyses of specific podocyte markers (Wilms’ tumor 1 gene, nephrin, and podocin) are performed to assess the differentiation level on the scaffolds. The studied markers are over‐expressed in RSCs cultured on aligned fibers compared to cells cultured on either protein‐functionalized films or randomly oriented fibers. In addition, RSCs cultured on aligned fibers are found to differentiate toward podocyte precursors even in basal medium conditions, thus highlighting scaffold‐induced commitment without exogenous chemicals or cellular reprogramming. Aligned polymer fiber scaffolds which provide instructive cues for RSC differentiation might lead to new biomimetic systems for renal stem cell engineering.

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Glomerular Epithelial Stem Cells

Cited by 111 publications

References 83 publications

Podocyte Mitosis – A Catastrophe

Podocyte Mitosis – A Catastrophe

Characterization of Renal Progenitors Committed Toward Tubular Lineage and Their Regenerative Potential in Renal Tubular Injury

Aligned Nanofiber Topographies Enhance the Differentiation of Adult Renal Stem Cells into Glomerular Podocytes

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